为探究上煤层遗留煤柱对底板的应力影响及下煤层回采巷道的合理布置，以唐山沟煤矿为研究对象，运用理论分析和数值模拟等方法并综合多种影响因素构建了上煤层遗留煤柱与铰接岩块的协同承载结构模型和底板应力传递计算模型，对上煤层遗留煤柱下底板应力及影响因素展开研究。结果表明：上煤层遗留煤柱对底板的应力影响以垂直应力为主，影响程度随底板深度的增加而降低；遗留煤柱下底板应力增高区呈椭球形，对底板应力增高区的影响因素展开分析，得到了不同因素对应力增高区范围影响的量化关系，其中煤柱峰值应力对底板应力增高区分布起决定性作用；根据底板应力分布特征并结合理论计算及数值模拟结果，确定唐山沟煤矿8煤遗留煤柱与11^-1煤回采巷道合理错距值应为20～25 m。该研究揭示了上煤层遗留煤柱下底板应力传递机理，明确了底板应力增高区的分布及影响因素，并得到了巷道−煤柱合理错距值的确定方法，可为下煤层回采巷道的合理布置提供理论依据。

In order to explore the influence of the remaining coal pillar in the upper coal seam on the stress of the floor and the reasonable layout of the mining roadway in the lower coal seam, taking Tangshangou Coal Mine as the research object, the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation methods and a variety of influencing factors were used to construct the collaborative bearing structure model of the remaining coal pillar and the hinged rock block in the upper coal seam and the stress transfer calculation model of the floor, and the stress and influencing factors of the floor under the remaining coal pillar in the upper coal seam are studied. The research shows that the influence of the remaining coal pillars in the upper coal seam on the stress of the floor is mainly vertical stress, and the influence degree decreases with the increase of floor depth. The stress-increasing area of the floor under the remaining coal pillar is ellipsoidal. The influencing factors of the stress-increasing area of the floor are analyzed, and the quantitative relationship between the influence of different factors on the range of the stress-increasing area is obtained. The peak stress of the coal pillar plays a decisive role in the distribution of the stress-increasing area of the floor. According to the stress distribution of the floor and the results of theoretical calculation and numerical simulation, it is determined that the reasonable stagger distance between the 8 coal pillar and the 11⁻¹ coal mining roadway in Tangshangou Coal Mine should be 20—25 m. This study reveals the stress transfer mechanism of the lower floor of the coal pillar left in the upper coal seam, clarifies the distribution and influencing factors of the floor stress increase area, and obtains the determination method of the reasonable stagger value of the roadway-coal pillar, which can provide a theoretical basis for the reasonable layout of the lower coal seam mining roadway.