随着“双碳”目标的推进，社会对煤气化渣处理的关注与需求日渐紧迫。综合过往研究，介绍了煤气化渣的主要来源与排渣方式，并分别对比了粗渣与细渣在形貌、粒度组成、矿物物相、化学组成等方面的性质特点，为实现其“减量化、资源化、无害化”利用提供了理论依据。基于气流床煤气化粗渣、细渣显著的性质差异，探索了两者不同的资源化处理方式，并分析了当下利用途径存在的局限性。粗渣具有优秀的水化活性与火山灰活性，在矿井回填、路基填筑、水泥与混凝土骨料、陶粒材料以及墙体材料等中低值利用领域应用广泛，但存在重金属浸出风险、经济效益低等问题。细渣中残炭含量丰富，主要采用重选法与浮选法进行可燃体回收与灰渣分离。但其较高的细粒级含量降低了重选分选精度，复杂的炭−灰结合形态提高了浮选回收难度。同时细渣孔隙结构发达，比表面积高达258.29 m²/g，具有一定的吸附能力，在土壤改良、催化剂载体、化工原料、陶瓷材料、吸附材料等领域应用潜力巨大，但高值化处理工艺复杂，成本较高，工业应用难度较大。针对这些问题，需基于煤气化渣的物化性质，探索大规模消纳与高值化利用相结合的途径，实现对煤气化渣分类分级的资源化利用。此外，需结合现场生产实践，探索煤气化渣就地解决的处理方法以降低运输成本，以及在其产生工艺过程中进行物化性质的诱导改善处理。

With the promotion of the “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” goals, the social’s concern and demand for the treatment of coal gasification slag is becoming more and more urgent. Based on previous research, this paper introduces the main sources and discharge methods of coal gasification slag, and compares the properties and characteristics of coarse and fine slag in terms of morphology, particle size composition, mineral phase, chemical composition, etc, which providing a theoretical basis for the realization of its “reduction, resourcefulness and harmlessness” utilization. According to the obvious differences in properties between coarse slag and fine slag in entrained-flow gasification, this paper explores the different resource treatment methods both of them, and analyzes the limitations of the current utilization methods. Coarse slag has excellent hydration activity and volcanic ash activity, and is widely used in mine backfilling, roadbed filling, cement and concrete aggregate, ceramic materials, wall materials and other low-value utilization fields, but there are problems such as the risk of heavy metal leaching and low economic benefits. Fine slag contains rich carbon residue, and gravity separation and flotation are mainly used for combustible recovery and ash separation. However, the high fine-grained content reduces the precision of gravity separation, and the complex carbon-ash combination morphology increases the difficulty of flotation recovery. At the same time, the pore structure of fine slag is developed, with a specific surface area as high as 258.29 m²/g and certain adsorption capacity. Fine slag has great application potential in fields such as soil improvement, catalyst carrier, chemical raw materials, ceramic materials, adsorption materials, etc. But the complex high-value treatment process and high cost make industrial applications more difficult. In order to address these problems, it is necessary to explore the way of combing large-scale elimination with high-value utilization based on the physical and chemical properties of coal gasification slag, and realize the classified and graded resource utilization of coal gasification slag. It is necessary to explore the treatment method of on-site solution of coal gasification slag, combined with field production practice, which benefits to reduce the transportation cost. As well as the induction of physical and chemical properties to improve the treatment in the process of its generation.