当前生态文明建设、碳中和目标已成为国家战略，要求矿山生态修复向着绿色、协调、可持续的方向发展，将基于自然的解决方案（Nature-based Solution，NbS）理念与方法融入矿山生态修复具有重要指导意义。但目前基于自然的矿山生态修复的理论方法与实现路径比较缺乏。为此，系统梳理了NbS在矿山生态修复中的理念内涵及相关概念，总结了NbS在“地貌重塑−土壤重构−植被重建−景观重现−生物多样性重组与保护”等矿山生态修复各环节的潜在应用，对标了NbS与碳中和时代矿山生态修复的挑战与原则，分析了基于NbS的矿山土地生态系统服务功能，提出了中国潜在NbS矿山生态修复实现路径。研究结果发现，对于碳中和愿景下NbS在矿山生态修复中的科学内涵，自然修复、近自然修复、仿自然修复、自然修复为主，人工修复为辅等修复理念属于当前矿山NbS。且NbS、碳中和、矿山生态修复具有重要耦合关系，NbS准则与碳中和愿景下矿山生态修复的原则适用相通，融入NbS的矿山生态修复可助力实现碳中和。另外，NbS是针对矿山生态修复核心问题的有效解决方案，运用NbS进行矿山生态修复是对以往修复理念及方法技术的优化，NbS有效优化了矿山生态修复中地貌重塑与土壤重构方法，在土壤抗水蚀、可持续稳定性、视觉效果上优于传统方法且更接近原地貌，自然与人工相结合的植被重建方式可促进矿区生态演替，提升景观稳定性的同时有利于开展生物多样性管理，达到提升矿山生态系统服务功能及实现矿山生态可持续发展的目的。在未来研究中，应进一步结合矿山复杂的生态环境，积极探索矿山生态修复NbS实施途径，同时加强NbS成本效益核算模型的开发，以期在可持续发展中实现“社会−经济−生态”稳步提升的综合效益。

At present, the construction of ecological civilisation and the goal of carbon neutrality have become national strategies, which require the ecological restoration of mines to develop in a green, coordinated and sustainable direction.The integration of Nature-based Solution (NbS) concepts and methods into mine ecological restoration is of great guiding significance.But, at present, there is a lack of theoretical methods and realization paths for nature-based ecological rehabilitation of mines.Therefore, the conceptual connotation and related concepts of NbS in mine ecological restoration are systematically sorted out, the potential applications of NbS in various aspects of mine ecological restoration, such as “geomorphic remodelling-soil reconstruction-vegetation reconstruction-landscape recreation-biodiversity restructuring and conservation” are summarized, the challenges and principles of mine ecological restoration in the era of NbS and carbon neutrality are aligned, the ecosystem service functions of mines based on NbS are analysed, and a pathway of realizing the potential ecological restoration of mines in China with NbS is proposed.The results of the study found that for the scientific connotation of NbS in mine ecological restoration under the carbon neutral vision, the restoration concepts of natural restoration, near-natural restoration, nature-imitating restoration, and natural restoration as the main and artificial restoration as the supplement belong to the current mine NbS.And NbS, carbon neutralisation, and mine ecological restoration have an important coupling relationship.The NbS guidelines are compatible with the application of the principles of mine ecological restoration under a carbon-neutral vision, and mine ecological restoration incorporating NbS can help to achieve carbon neutrality. In addition, NbS is an effective solution to the core problem of ecological rehabilitation of mines.The use of NbS for mine ecological restoration is the optimisation of previous restoration concepts and methods, NbS effectively optimises the geomorphological remodelling and soil reconstruction methods in mine ecological restoration, which is better than the traditional methods in terms of soil resistance to water erosion, sustainable stability, and visual effect, and is closer to the original geomorphology, and the vegetation reconstruction method that combines natural and man-made methods promotes the ecological succession in the mining area, improves the stability of the landscape and facilitates the development of biodiversity management, so as to achieve the goal of enhancing the ecosystem function of the mines and the realization of the ecological and sustainable development of the mines.In the future research, it should be further combined with the complex ecological environment of mines, and actively explore the implementation path of ecological restoration of NbS in mines.At the same time, the development of cost-benefit accounting models for NbS should be strengthened, with a view to achieving a steady increase in the comprehensive benefits of “socio-economic-ecological” in the context of sustainable development.