山西小窑煤矿自然发火区域存在火源多且分布范围较广、火源位置隐蔽难以准确探测、漏风通道多、难以防治的实际问题。为了准确探测火源位置及范围，首先，从自然发火区域探测手段的探测机理开展研究，基于测氡法与磁法探测火区基础理论，提出了地面“测氡−磁”联合技术探测原理对小窑火源的位置与范围进行精确探测；其次，使用FD213α能谱氡测量仪和GSM-19T磁力仪现场采集小窑隐蔽火源数据，采用地面“测氡−磁”联合技术对采集数据处理分析，综合圈定小窑隐蔽火源的位置与范围，并利用井下测温与测气钻孔，结合初步探测结果和井下巷道分布情况，对火源位置进行了核实；最后采用钻孔注浆技术进行火区治理，并采取束管气体监测和复测氡法联合技术对火区治理效果进行检测。试验结果发现，井下测温与测气钻孔结果成功验证“测氡−磁”联合技术圈定的隐蔽火源的位置与范围，本次试验共圈定隐蔽火区面积约213 m²；钻孔注浆火区治理工作累积充填材料约1862 m³；治理效果检测表明圈定火区内部指标气体CO浓度降为0，氡浓度趋于正常水平，治理工作取得良好的效果。

There are many practical problems in the spontaneous combustion area of small coal mines coal mine in Shanxi Province, such as many fire sources and wide distribution range, hidden fire source location, difficult to accurately detect, many air leakage channels, and difficult to prevent and control. In order to accurately detect the location and range of fire source, firstly, The detection mechanism of spontaneous combustion area detection method is studied. Based on the basic theory of radon measurement method and magnetic method to detect fire area, the detection principle of ground ' radon measurement-magnetic ' joint technology is proposed to accurately detect the location and range of small kiln fire source. Secondly, FD213 alpha spectrum radon measuring instrument and GSM-19 T magnetometer were used to collect the hidden fire source data of small kiln on site. The ground ' radon measurement-magnetic ' joint technology was used to process and analyze the collected data, and the location and scope of the hidden fire source of small kiln were comprehensively delineated. The location of the fire source was verified by using underground temperature measurement and gas measurement boreholes, combined with the preliminary detection results and the distribution of underground roadways. Finally, the borehole grouting technology is used to control the fire area, and the combined technology of beam tube gas monitoring and re-measurement of radon method is used to detect the effect of fire area control. The test results show that the location and range of the hidden fire source delineated by the ' radon-magnetic ' joint technology are successfully verified by the results of downhole temperature measurement and gas measurement drilling. The area of the hidden fire area delineated in this test is about 213 m². The cumulative filling material of drilling grouting fire area treatment is about 1862 m³; the detection of the treatment effect shows that the internal index gas CO concentration in the fire area is delineated.