为解决东部高潜水位矿区地表径流紊乱、水体连通性差、水动力水循环能力弱等问题，并降低大量塌陷区水体周边的农业、工矿生产空间形成的面源污染、点源污染随地表径流进入塌陷区水体，引起水质退化与水生态环境风险，促进采煤塌陷区水体的持续性保护修复和塌陷区生态系统健康，本文基于山水林田湖草沙系统性保护修复理念、关键部位景观格局优化和地表径流系统性调控原理，创新性提出了一种“连通+截污”相组合的塌陷区水体系统性保护修复新技术，主要技术内容包括：基于高精度DEM的地表径流网络分析、各类水体识别及其水面高程精准监测、水体连通廊道网络构建及水动力提升效果评价、水体植被缓冲带适宜范围计算、缺失植被缓冲带空间识别、水体保护修复效果评价等技术环节。本文以山东兖州矿区为例，开展了基于地表径流调控的塌陷区水体系统性保护修复技术应用模拟分析，研究结果表明：① 通过在关键部位修建水体连通廊道，基于水体连通的水动力提升技术，有效连通了45个生态源地，连通后研究区东−西方向上的最大连通距离增加了5倍，流域整体的连通性得到提升，廊道内平均水速达到0.067m/s，显著改善了矿区的水动力条件；② 通过基于关键部位植被缓冲带空间优化布局的污染物截留技术，以水体连通廊道和生态源地为关键区域，利用Phillips水文模型计算得出兖州矿区所需的植被缓冲带宽度主要集中在15-35 m之间，面积总计为5.59 km，其中已有植被覆盖的面积为.18 km，缺失待建设的植被缓冲带面积.41 km；③ SWAT情景模拟分析结果进一步验证了该模式对矿区水体保护修复具有明显作用，通过该模式能够至少降低10.14%～15.5%的污染，且对磷元素的去除效果尤为显著。本文提出的煤矿塌陷区系统性保护修复技术是景观生态学与生态水文学在矿区生态保护修复的典型结合应用，对于其他类型地区通过地表径流调控实现区域系统性保护修复具有重要参考价值。

In order to solve the problems of surface runoff disorder, poor water connectivity, and weak hydrodynamic water circulation capacity in high groundwater level mining areas in the east, and to reduce the non-point source pollution and point source pollution caused by agricultural and industrial production spaces around a large number of collapsed water bodies entering the water bodies of collapsed areas through surface runoff, which leads to water quality degradation and water ecological environment risks, this paper innovatively proposes a new technology for the systematic protection and restoration of water bodies in coal mining collapsed areas and the health of the ecological system in collapsed areas through a systematic protection and restoration approach. Based on the concept of systematic protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasses, and sands, the optimization of landscape patterns in key areas, and the principle of systematic regulation of surface runoff, a new technology for the systematic protection and restoration of water bodies in collapsed areas combining "connectivity+pollution interception" is proposed. The main technical contents include: Analysis of surface runoff network using precision DEM Various water body identification and precise monitoring of water surface elevation, construction of water connected corridor network and evaluation of hydrodynamic enhancement effect, calculation of suitable range of water vegetation buffer zone, spatial identification of missing vegetation buffer zone, evaluation of water protection and restoration effect, and other technical aspects. This article takes the Yanzhou mining area in Shandong Province as an example to conduct simulation analysis on the application of systematic protection and restoration technology for collapsed water bodies based on surface runoff regulation. The results show that: ① by building water connection corridors at key locations and using hydrodynamic enhancement technology based on water connection, 45 ecological source areas were effectively connected. After connection, the maximum connection distance from east to west in the study area increased by 5 times, and the overall connectivity of the watershed was improved. The average water velocity in the corridors reached 0.067m/s, significantly improving the hydrodynamic conditions in the mining area; ② By using the pollutant interception technology based on the spatial optimization layout of vegetation buffer zones in key areas, with water connected corridors and ecological source areas as key areas, the Phillips hydrological model was used to calculate that the required vegetation buffer zone width in the Yanzhou mining area is mainly concentrated between 15-35m, with a total area of 5.59 km, of which .18 km2 is already covered by vegetation and .41 km2 is missing vegetation buffer zone to be constructed; ③ The results of SWAT scenario simulation analysis further verified that the model has a significant effect on the protection and restoration of water bodies in mining areas. Through this model, pollution can be reduced by at least 10.14% ～15.5%, and the removal effect of phosphorus element is particularly significant. The systematic protection and restoration technology proposed in this article for coal mine subsidence areas is a typical combination of landscape ecology and ecological hydrology in the ecological protection and restoration of mining areas. It has important reference value for other types of areas to achieve regional systematic protection and restoration through surface runoff regulation.