注浆封孔是最常用的抽采钻孔封孔措施，受应力扰动等影响，注浆封堵的裂隙很容易开裂形成次生漏气通道。因此提出研发可使再生裂隙自愈合的注浆封孔材料，然而井下空气环境复杂，特别是封孔材料的裂隙愈合性能取决于其与空气环境产生物质交换后所生成的自修复产物，因此深入研究不同气体环境对封孔材料裂隙愈合性能的影响，对于改进封孔材料配比，实现抽采钻孔长效密封具有重要意义。本文研究了自修复封孔材料分别在真空环境、CO₂环境及空气环境下的裂隙自愈合及修复产物生成规律。结果发现，在空气环境下封孔材料在6 d内可实现宽度为1.82 mm的裂隙自修复，在CO₂环境下封孔材料在8 d内可实现1.51 mm的裂隙自修复，而真空环境下封孔材料在15 d内仅能使裂隙宽度减小0.1 mm，无法实现完全愈合。不同环境下封孔材料与外界的物质交换规律不同，其质量变化存在较大差异，其中空气环境下可分为失水减重阶段、动态增重阶段、二次失水减重阶段和稳定阶段；CO₂环境下分为迅速碳化增重阶段、缓速增重阶段和平衡阶段；而真空环境下试件质量几乎保持稳定。结合碳化作用和水分蒸发作用分析了不同环境下封孔材料质量变化的内在规律。自愈合产物粗糙度测试结果表明，空气环境下自愈合产物粗糙度最大，真空环境次之，CO₂环境最小。微观测试结果表明，CO₂不会改变封孔材料的主体结构，仅能够略微提升封孔材料水化产物中CaCO₃的含量，并造成基体孔隙减小；但CO₂可明显提升自修复产物中CaCO₃的占比，并对促进自修复产物粒径大小有显著作用。不同气体环境条件下自修复产物的生成原理具有较大差异，真空环境下自修复产物的生成在于多孔结构导致的析出作用；CO₂环境下自修复产物生成以碳化作用产生的碳酸盐为主，析出作用为辅；二次水化作用生成的硅酸盐在空气环境下自修复产物的占比最大，碳化作用产生的碳酸盐次之，析出作用贡献最小。适度提高养护环境的CO₂浓度及湿度对裂隙自愈合的效率具有促进作用。研究结果对于实现抽采钻孔长效密封具有重要意义。

Grouting sealing is the most commonly used sealing measure of extraction borehole. Under the influence of stress disturbance, the cracks sealed by grouting are easy to crack and form secondary air leakage channels. Therefore, it is proposed to develop grouting sealing materials that can make regenerated cracks self-healing. However, the underground air environment is complex, especially the crack healing performance of the hole sealing materials depends on the self-healing products generated after the exchange of materials with the air environment. Therefore, in-depth research on the influence of different gas environments on the crack healing performance of the hole sealing materials is necessary to improve the ratio of hole sealing materials. It is of great significance to realize long - term sealing of extraction borehole. In this paper, the fracture self-healing and the generation of repair products of self-healing sealing materials in vacuum, CO₂ and air environment were studied. The results showed that the hole sealing material could realize the self-healing of cracks with a width of 1.82mm in the air environment within 6 days, and the hole sealing material could realize the self-healing of cracks with a width of 1.51mm in the CO₂ environment within 8 days, while the hole sealing material could only reduce the crack width by 0.1mm in the vacuum environment within 15 days, and could not achieve complete healing. Under different environment, the material exchange law of sealing material is different from the outside world, and its mass change is quite different. In air environment, it can be divided into water loss weight loss stage, dynamic weight gain stage, secondary water loss weight loss stage and stable stage. Under CO₂ environment, it can be divided into rapid carbonization weight gain stage, slow weight gain stage and equilibrium stage. Under vacuum, the quality of the specimen is almost stable. Combined with carbonization and water evaporation, the internal law of quality change of sealing materials under different environments was analyzed. The results show that the roughness of self-healing products is the highest in air environment, the second in vacuum environment, and the least in CO₂ environment. The microscopic test results show that CO₂ does not change the main structure of the sealing material, but can only slightly increase the content of CaCO₃ in the hydration products of the sealing material, and cause the matrix porosity to decrease. However, CO₂ can significantly increase the proportion of CaCO₃ in self-healing products, and has a significant effect on promoting the particle size of self-healing products. The formation principle of self-healing products in different gas environments is quite different. The formation of self-healing products in vacuum environment lies in the precipitation caused by porous structure. In the CO₂ environment, the self-repairing products are mainly formed by carbonation, and precipitation is auxiliary. Silicate produced by secondary hydration has the largest proportion of self-repairing products in air environment, followed by carbonate produced by carbonization, and the contribution of precipitation is the least. Moderate increase of CO₂ concentration and humidity in the curing environment can promote the efficiency of self-healing of cracks. The research results are of great significance for realizing long - term sealing of extraction boreholes.