废活性炭与垃圾焚烧飞灰共气化熔融处理不仅可降低飞灰熔融能耗,同时可实现废活性炭的无害化处置。采用热重分析仪研究了废活性炭种类、粒径对废活性炭气化反应的影响,考察了废活性炭与垃圾焚烧飞灰的共气化反应特性,并且利用处理量为40t/d的等离子体熔融炉进行了废活性炭与垃圾焚烧飞灰协同处理中试规模试验,首次验证了废活性炭与飞灰协同气化熔融处理的可行性。结果表明:蜂窝废活性炭反应活性约为颗粒活性炭反应活性的7倍~10倍;颗粒废活性炭灰分质量分数高达75%,高转化率时灰分含量越高反应速率下降越明显;不同粒径(0.25mm~0.60mm,1.00mm~2.00mm,3.35mm~4.75mm)蜂窝废活性炭的比表面积近似,分别为342.9m2/g,411.3m2/g,416.5m2/g,不同粒径废活性炭反应速率也基本相同,因此处理过程中可选择粒径较大蜂窝废活性炭以降低破碎能耗和飞灰产生量。废活性炭与垃圾焚烧飞灰共气化反应时,反应初期飞灰对废活性炭反应有促进作用,反应后期反应速率明显降低。等离子体飞灰熔融炉中试规模试验中,废活性炭的添加可提高炉温,节省能源消耗量,且飞灰与废活性炭形成的熔融渣可有效固化重金属,验证了废活性炭与飞灰协同处理的可行性与经济性。

The synergistic treatment of waste activated carbon and municipal solid waste fly  ash can reduce energy consumption of melting, meanwhile realize the harmlessly disposal of waste  activated carbon.  Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to investigate the effect of activated  carbon type and particle size on gasification characteristic of waste activated carbon.  The co- gasification characteristics of waste activated carbon and municipal solid waste fly ash was also studied  via TGA.  The feasibility of co-process of waste activated carbon and municipal solid waste fly ash  was further verified via a plasma fly ash melting furnace with the treatment capacity of 40 t/d.  The  results show that the reactivity of waste honeycomb activated carbons are 7−10 times higher than the  reactivity of waste granular activated carbon; the mass fraction of ash of granular waste activated  carbon is as high as 75%, the reactivity of granular activated carbon is low at high conversion stage,  due to the high ash content; the specific surface areas of waste activated carbon with different particle  sizes (0. 25 mm−0. 60 mm, 1. 00 mm−2. 00 mm, 3. 35 mm−4. 75 mm) are 342. 9 m /g, 411. 3  m /g, 416. 5 m /g, the reaction rate of waste activated carbon with different particle sizes is basically  the same.  Therefore, the utilization of waste activated carbon with larger particle size during co- processing can reduce the generation of fly ash.  The municipal solid waste fly ash has a significant  catalytic effect on the reaction of waste activated carbon in the mid-early reaction stage, and the reac‐ tion rate decreases rapidly in the later reaction stage.  The test via plasma fly ash melting furnace  shows that the temperature of the combustion chamber increases with the increase of waste activated  carbon, the energy consumption is saved, and the molten slag formed by fly ash and waste activated  carbon can effectively solidify heavy metals, which verifies the feasibility and economy of the synergis‐ tic treatment of waste activated carbon and fly ash.