为了分析松散表土薄基岩浅埋煤层首采工作面上覆岩层的运动规律,尤其是顶板初次来压和周期来压步距,运用UDEC软件对神木汇森凉水井煤矿首采面上覆岩层矿压显现规律进行了数值模拟,在此基础上进行了现场实测。结果表明,首采面初次来压步距的计算值为40.0 m,实测值32.8 m;周期来压步距的计算值为20 m,实测周期来压步距为16.5～22.0 m,平均为19.5 m;强制放顶距为20 m时能减小初次来压强度;强制放顶能有效地削弱和减小顶板初次来压的强度和规模,保证强制放顶效果的关键是提高强制放顶爆破作业的质量。

In order to analyze the movement law of the strata above the first coal mining face in the seam with a shallow depth of bulk overburden soil and thin bas e bedrock, especially to analyze the roof initial pressurized and periodical pressurized distance to the UDEC software was applied to numerically simulate the pressure behavior law of the roof strata above the first coal mining face in Shenmu Huisen Liangshuijing Mine. Based on the circumstance, a site measurement was conducted.Th e results showed that the calculated value of the roof initial pressurized distance in the first coal mining face was about 40.0 m and the site measured distance was 32.8 m.The calculated value of the roof periodical pressurized distance was about 20 m, the site measured roof periodical pressurized distance was about 16.522.0 m and th e average distance was 19.5 m.The forced roof caving distance of 20 m could eliminate the roof initial pressured.The forced roof caving could be effectively to relax and reduce the roof initial pressurized strength and scale.The key to ensure the forced roof caving results is to improve the blasting operation quality of the roof forced cavi