School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beiing) Shanxi High Carbon Energy Low Carbon Uillization Research and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

鉴于微波加热具有整体性加热、选择性加热、快速、高效等特点,从微波加热的机理、煤对微波介电响应的影响因素和煤的微波热解研究现状3个方面介绍了微波加热技术在煤炭热解中的研究进展。常温条件下煤的介电性能一般较差,导致煤炭微波热解初始阶段升温速率相对较慢。使用炭基材料和金属氧化物作为微波吸收剂的强化微波热解可以充分发挥微波加热技术节能高效的优点,其中部分金属氧化物具有催化作用,提高煤焦油和煤气有价组分(CO+CH4+H2)的产率。在富氢气氛下的强化微波热解也具有加剧煤加氢裂解程度的作用,改善产品结构,提高煤焦油产率。最后指出了未来煤炭微波热解技术研究方向,为我国煤炭热解技术的进一步发展提供参考。

Microwave heating have the characteristics of integral heating, selective heating, fast and high efficiency because of its unique heating mechanism. It has wide application prospects in the field of coal pyrolysis. In this paper, the application of microwave technology in coal pyrolysis is introduced from three aspects: the m echanism of microwave heating, the influence factors of coal on microwave dielectric response and the research status of microwave pyrolysis of coal. Under normal te mperature conditions, the dielectric properties of coal are generally poor, which leads to slow heating rate of microwave pyrolysis in the initial stage. Microwave pyrolysi s using carbon based materials and metal oxides as microwave absorbers can give full play to the advantages of microwave heating technology for energy saving and h igh efficiency. And some metal oxides play catalytic role in improving the yield of coal tar and the yield of CO+CH4+H2 in gas. The intensified microwave pyrolysis in hy drogen-rich gas also has the effect of increasing the degree of coal pyrolysis, improving the product structure and increasing the yield of coal tar. This paper points out t he development direction of microwave pyrolysis technology in the future, which will provide some guidance for the further innovation and development of coal pyrolysis technology in China.