以5种不同煤加工转化过程得到的液体产物煤衍生油为原料,研究了其中酚类化合物的组成与分布特征。首先将不同煤衍生油蒸馏切取富含酚170~210℃酚油馏分,采用酸碱抽提法提取其富集酚类组分,其次对富集酚类组分进行硅醚衍生化预处理,最后利用GC/MS详细分析了酚油馏分中酚类化合物的组成与分布。结果表明:不同煤衍生油的酚油馏分中酚类化合物主要由烷基苯酚、茚满醇、苯二酚3种类型组成,其中烷基苯酚均占90%以上。4号CDO其酚类类型包括烷基苯酚、茚满醇、苯二酚3部分,其中烷基苯酚占92.4%。低级酚占全部酚类的86.1%,高级酚占13.9%;2号CDO其酚类类型由烷基苯酚、苯二酚2部分组成,其中烷基苯酚占99.89%。低级酚占全部酚类的99.5%,高级酚仅占0.5%;1号CDO和3号CDO其酚类类型只包含烷基苯酚类,高温炼焦产生的1号CDO全部以低级酚为主。3号CDO低级酚占全部酚类的98.4%,高级酚占1.6%;5号CDO其酚类类型包括烷基苯酚、茚满醇2部分,其中烷基苯酚占94.8%。低级酚占全部酚类的91.6%,高级酚含量占8.4%。因此,应足够重视不同煤衍生油中低级酚的提取利用。

The composition and distribution of phenolic compounds in five kinds of coal derived oils in coal-based liq- uid production from the different process of coal chemical industry were investigated. Firstly,the fractions were isolated from different coal derived oils by distillation in 170-210 ℃ ,which is rich in phenols. The method of acid and alkali was used to extract the phenolic compounds in 170-210 ℃ fractions. Secondly,the rich phenolic compounds were pre- treated by silicon ether derivatization,and the characterization of phenols was analyzed by GC / MS. It was found that three types of phenolic compounds,such as alkyl phenols,hydroquinones and indanol,were in each phenol-rich oil fractions from different coal derived oils,in which alkyl phenols is above 90% . There were three types of phenolic compounds,such as alkyl phenols,hydroquinones and indanol in the No. 4 CDO,in which alkylphenol contributed the 92. 4% of the total phenols. The lower-rank phenols accounted for 86. 1% of the total phenols,while the higher-rank phenols was about 13. 9% . There were two types of phenolic compounds such as alkyl phenols and hydroquinones in the No. 2 CDO,in which alkylphenol contributed the 99. 89% of the total phenols. The lower-rank phenols accounted for 99. 5% of the total phenols,while the higher-rank phenols was only about 0. 5% . There were one types of alkyl phenols in the No. 1 CDO and No. 3 CDO. The lower-rank phenols accounted for 100% of the total phenols in the No． 1 CDO,while in No. 3 CDO,the lower-rank phenols accounted for 98. 4% of the total phenols,the higher-rank phenols was only about 1. 6% . There were two types of phenolic compounds such as alkyl phenols and indanol in the No. 5 CDO,in which alkylphenol contributed the 94. 8% of the total phenols. The lower-rank phenols accounted for 91. 6% of the total phenols,while the higher-rank phenols was about 8. 4% . Therefore,the extraction and utilization of lower-rank phenols in different coal derived oils should be paid enough attention.