1.School of Energy Science and Engineering，Henan Polytechnic University，Jiaozuo ,China；2.Coal Mine Safety Production Collaborative Innovation Center，Jiaozuo ,China

针对锚固力低下及衰减速度快是松软破碎围岩巷道锚杆支护的瓶颈问题,锚固剂黏结失效是其重要原因及关键影响因素。采用正楔形锚固孔提高锚固系统锚固效果明显,但单一的端部扩孔由于锚固范围小,容易受采动环境影响导致锚固系统失效,可通过对不同锚固方式情况下正楔形与普通圆柱形锚固孔组合方案进行研究。研究结果表明:端锚情况下孔底扩孔锚固效果最佳;加长锚和全长锚的情况下,孔底扩孔提高锚杆锚固力不显著;综合考虑施工工艺、经济安全多方面因素,扩孔段长度与锚固段长度比值为1∶2为最佳,随着扩孔长度与扩孔半径增加,锚固系统的稳定性和锚固能力增强。但扩孔半径的大小取决于施工机具、施工工艺和围岩条件,应根据现场情况而定。

For the bolt support of weak surrounding rock roadway，the bottleneck problem is the low force and the fast attenuation of the anchoring force,and failure of the anchor agent is the important reason and key influencing factor.The anchoring effect of the anchorage system can be improved obviously with positive wedge anchorage hole.But due to the small anchorage range of the single end reaming，the anchorage system can be easily affected to failure under the mining environment.This paper studies the combination schemes of the positive wedge and the ordinary cylindrical anchorage hole under different anchoring types.Research results show that in the case of end bolt anchorage effect with the bottom reaming of theholeis best,in the case of long bolt and all bolt，bolt anchorage force is improved by reaming the bottom of the hole，but not significantly.On the basis of fully consideration of multiple factors such as the constructiontechnology and economic security，1∶2 is the best length ratio of the reaming and the anchoring.As the lengthand the radius of the reaming hole become larger，the stability of the anchorage system and anchoring ability becomes stronger.But the radius of the reaming hole depends on the construction machinery，construction technology and conditions of surrounding rock，and should be determined according to the field situation.