为了研究煤矿对周边农田耕层土壤造成的重金属污染影响,以鲁西南地区某煤矿为研究对象,采集周边104个农田耕层土壤样品,利用ICP-MS测定重金属(Cr,Ni,Cu,Cd,Zn,Pb)元素含量。利用单因子污染指数法、内梅罗污染指数法与地累积指数法,结合GIS技术,分析6种重金属的空间分布特征并评价污染程度。研究表明,6种重金属元素在矸石山、工业广场、煤运中转站、运输线路等周边区域都有明显积累,空间分布特征各异,仅有Cu,Ni元素具有显著的相关性;总体土壤重金属污染程度较轻,Cr元素无污染,Cu,Zn,Pb元素较为安全,Ni元素存在小范围轻度污染区域,Cd元素存在轻度污染区域与小范围中度污染区域。

In order to understand the heavy metal pollution in surrounding farmland tillage soil caused by coal mine, this paper studied the area around a coal mine in southwest Shandong province. The 104 samples of surrounding farm- land tillage soil were collected,and the concentration of heavy metals including Cr,Ni,Cu,Cd,Zn,Pb were tested by ICP-MS. Single factor index,nemero index and geoaccumulation index were used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics and the appraise pollution level of six heavy metals. The results show that the six kinds of heavy metals are obviously accumulated,and have different spatial distribution characteristics in the nearby regions of coal gangue dump,industrial square,coal transfer station and transit lines. Only Cu and Ni elements have significant correlation in spatial distribution. The total pollution is in a light degree. It has no Cr element pollution,small-scale slight pollution area of Ni element,some slight pollution area and small-scale moderately pollution area of Cd element in the research area. Other elements including Cu,Zn and Pb are relatively safe.