特厚煤层开采形成的采场空间大，覆岩扰动范围广，采场顶板来压具有明显的大小周期来压及强矿压显现特点。大空间采场覆岩扰动层位多、岩层间作用机制复杂，顶板破断块体间的作用力及方向多变，导致大空间采场覆岩结构理论分析存在较大难度。为从理论上揭示特厚煤层大空间采场覆岩结构特征及其矿压作用机理，在实测分析得到大空间采场覆岩结构特征基础上，基于能量变分原理建立了大空间采场覆岩结构力学模型，揭示了大空间采场覆岩结构的矿压作用机制;建立了大空间采场覆岩结构条件下的“煤体-支架”协同承载模型，得到了采场支架围岩的相互作用关系。研究表明，特厚煤层开采形成的大空间采场覆岩具有显著的“低-中-高”层位结构特征，是采场复杂矿压显现的直接诱因，“中-低”位顶板结构失稳形成采场大小周期来压，高位顶板结构的失稳联动是诱发大空间采场强矿压显现的主要因素;覆岩结构的失稳运动还受到采空区矸石支撑、顶板有效位能作用及高位顶板悬长等的制约，是采场来压强弱的重要影响因素;大空间采场条件下“煤体-支架”协同承载，所得理论研究成果与基于实测反演分析得到的支架围岩关系研究结论具有较好的一致性，验证了大空间采场覆岩结构理论的正确性。

The thick coal seam mining causes the formation of large space stope,the wide range of overlying disturb- ance and the roof pressure of stope has obvious periodic pressure and characteristics of strong pressure. There are many overlying disturbance strata in large space stope,the mechanism of interlayer interaction is complex,and the force and direction among roof fault blocks are varied,which makes the theoretical analysis of overlying structure in large space stope more difficult. In order to reveal the over-burden structure characteristics and the mechanism of rock pressure ac- tion,on the basis of the characteristics of overlying rock structure in large space stope which are obtained by the meas- ured analysis,the mechanical model of overlying structure in large space stope is established based on energy variation principle,reveals the mechanism of mine pressure of overlying structure in large space stope. A coal-support coopera- tive bearing model in large space stope is established,and the interaction relationship between surrounding rock and support is obtained. Studies show that overlying strata of large space stope caused by thick coal seam mining have significant “low-medium-high” layer structure characteristics which are the direct cause of the complex strata behaviors, the roof structure instability in “medium-low” layers is related to the large and small stope periodic weighting and the high roof structure instability of linkage is a main factor which induces the strong strata behaviors of large space stope. The instability movement of overlying structure is also restricted by the support of gangue in goaf,the effective potential energy of roof and the suspension length of high roof,and it is an important factor affecting the pressure of stope. Coop- erative bearing of coal-support under large space stope condition,the corresponding theoretical research results are in good agreement with the research conclusions of relationship between surrounding rock and stope support based on measured inversion analysis,which verifies the validity of the theory of overlying rock structure in large space stope.