为了开发蒙东露天矿排土场复垦技术，合理利用解钾细菌提高蒙东草原黏土层土壤肥力水平，开发其作为替代熟土的巨大潜力，综合采用无菌实验室静置培养预处理样品法和平衡吸附法，研究解钾细菌对蒙东草原黏土层中2种常见矿物钾长石和伊利石钾的吸附动力学过程的影响。试验结果表明:① 伊利石比钾长石钾的吸附平衡时间更短、钾的累积吸附量更大;解钾细菌显著提高伊利石钾的累积吸附量，而对钾长石无显著作用;② 伊利石钾的吸附动力学过程对指数方程拟合效果最佳，钾长石拟合效果最佳的动力学模型是一级动力学方程;解钾细菌对2种矿物的钾吸附固定过程的动力学模型无显著影响;③ 解钾细菌显著提高了伊利石钾的吸附固定速度，延长吸附平衡时间;解钾细菌对钾长石不同时段吸附速率的提高效果不稳定，对钾长石钾的吸附平衡时间无显著影响;解钾细菌作用提高了伊利石吸附速度随时间的降低速率，伊利石吸附速度随时间的降低速率比钾长石更快;④ 解钾细菌显著提高伊利石在快速阶段和中速阶段的钾吸附量，且吸附时间比接灭活菌处理延长总时长的10%。解钾细菌对钾长石的3个阶段的吸附时间无显著影响。因此，解钾细菌显著影响土壤黏土矿物钾的吸附动力学过程，这为合理利用解钾细菌改善蒙东地区土壤黏土钾肥利用率、促进黏土层作为替代熟土提供借鉴。

In order to develop a reclamation technology of dump in the east of Inner Mongolia open-pit mine,rationally utilize potassium releasing bacteria to improve soil fertility of the clay layer in the east of Inner Mongolia Grassland, and exploit its great potential as a substitute for mature soil,by using sterile laboratory static culture for pretreatment sample and equilibrium adsorption,the influence of potassium releasing bacteria on the potassium adsorption kinetics of two kinds of common minerals in the clay layer in the east of Inner Mongolia Grassland was studied in this paper. The results showed that ① the equilibrium potassium adsorption time of illite was shorter than that of potassium feld- spar,and the cumulative potassium adsorption capacity was larger. The potassium releasing bacteria significantly increased the accumulative adsorption capacity of illite,but had no significant effect on potassium feldspar. ② The potas- sium adsorption kinetics process of illite had the best fitting effect on the exponential equation,and potassium feldspar had the best fitting effect on the first-order kinetic equation. The potassium releasing bacteria had no significant influ- ence on the kinetics models of potassium adsorption and fixation processes of two minerals. ③ The potassium releasing bacteria significantly increased the speed of po-tassium adsorption and fixation of illite,and prolonged the equilibrium adsorption time. The effects of potassium releasing bacteria on the adsorption rates of potassium feldspar at different time periods were instable,and that on the equilibrium adsorption time of potassium feldspar was not significant. The potassium releasing bacteria in-creased the decrease rate of the adsorption rate of illite with time. The decrease rate of the adsorption rate of illite with time was faster than that of potassium feldspar. ④ The potassium releasing bacteria significantly increased the potassium adsorption capacity of illite in the fast and the medium-speed stages. The adsorp- tion time was 10% longer than that of inactivated treatment of illite. The potassium releasing bacteria had no signifi- cant effect on the adsorption time of potassium feldspar in all three stages. Therefore,potassium releasing bacteria sig- nificantly affects the adsorption kinetics of potassium in soil clay minerals,which is of great significance for the rational use of potassium releasing bacteria to improve the utilization rate of potassium fertilizer in soil clay layer in the eastern Inner Mongolia and to promote the clay layer as a substitute for mature soil.