针对红庆河煤矿宽煤柱弱胶结厚层顶板破断引起大能量矿震频发的现象，采用理论分析、微震监测及现场试验的方法确定了大能量矿震发生及顶板深孔爆破卸压的层位，提出了卸压爆破孔装药量为2.5 kg/m的走向扇形布置和装药量为4 kg/m的倾向扇形布置2种方案。运用井下现场与地面微震系统相结合的监测方式，准确定位了顶板深孔爆破震动诱发的微震信号，并通过微震系统所监测的指标对2种方案顶板爆破卸压效果进行了对比分析。

结果表明：走向扇形布置顶板爆破主要诱发能量在1.0×10³～1.0×10⁴J的微震事件，倾向扇形布置主要诱发能量1.0×10⁴ J以上的微震事件。从每公斤炸药诱发能量指标可以发现：在走向扇形布置方案中，工作面超前支承压力影响范围内的爆破诱发能量有所升高，但上升幅度不大；在倾向扇形布置方案中，工作面侧顶板爆破诱发能量相较于煤柱侧有所提高，增幅约为6.3%；倾向扇形布置方案顶板深孔爆破每公斤炸药诱发能量约为走向扇形布置的3倍。结合红庆河煤矿402工作面现场实际情况，确定了超前工作面450 m以外的倾向扇形布置方案的有效性和可行性，验证了采用倾向扇形布置能取得更好的爆破卸压效果。

工作面回采期间的微震定位结果进一步表明：无论采用走向扇形布置还是倾向扇形布置实施顶板深孔卸压爆破，均能起到很好的顶板爆破卸压效果。

In view of the phenomenon of frequent occurrence of high-energy mine earthquakes caused by the roof breakage of weakly bonded thick layer with wide coal pillars in Hongqinghe coal mine, theoretical analysis, micro-seismic monitoring and field test methods were used to determine the occurrence of high-energy mine earthquakes and the pressure relief of deep hole blasting of roof. Two schemes were proposed, i.e. the fan-shaped layout along the strike with charge of 2.5 kg/m and the fan-shaped layout along the dip with charge of 4 kg/m.Based on the combined monitoring method of the underground site and the ground micro-seismic system, the micro-seismic signals induced by the deep hole blasting vibration of the roof were accurately located, and the pressure relief effects of the two schemes were compared and analyzed by the indicators monitored by the micro-seismic system.The results show that roof blasting with fan-shaped layout along the strike mainly induces 1.0×103～1.0×104 J micro-seismic events, and that layout along the dip mainly induces 1.0×104 J or more micro-seismic events. From the indicator of induced energy per kilogram of explosives, it can be found that in the layout scheme along the strike, the blast-induced energy in the range of advance bearing pressure of the working face has increased slightly, but the rising range is not large; in the layout scheme along the dip, the induced energy of roof blasting at the working face side increases by about 6.3% compared with that at the coal pillar side; In the fan-shaped layout scheme along the dip, the induced energy per kilogram of explosive is more than three times of that in the scheme along the strike. Combined with the actual situation of the No.402 working face in Hongqinghe coal mine, the validity and feasibility of the fan-shaped layout scheme along the strike beyond 450 m ahead of the working face were determined, and it was verified that the scheme along the strike can achieve better blasting pressure relief effect. The results of micro-seismic positioning during mining of the working face further showed that whether adopting the scheme along the strikeor the scheme along the dip to carry out the roof deep hole pressure relief blasting, it can play a good role in the roof blasting pressure relief effect.