为解决矿井采掘接替紧张，沿空掘进的巷道变形严重、支护困难等问题，以赵固一矿为工程背景，提出了超前预裂切顶卸压沿空掘巷技术。基于切顶卸压沿空掘巷技术原理，对沿空掘巷围岩所受力学环境进行理论分析，确定了超前预裂切顶卸压技术中爆破、装药及沿空掘巷支护等相关技术参数，并在现场进行了工业性试验。试验结果表明：超前预裂切顶卸压沿空掘巷技术能够人为预裂成缝，切断巷道顶板与煤柱帮顶板之间的联系，改善沿空掘巷力学环境，确保其顶板结构整体稳定；在工作面回采巷道实施预裂爆破切顶卸压技术对相邻工作面沿空掘巷起到良好的卸压效果，巷道顶底板相对移近量为60～180 mm，两帮相对移近量为25～80 mm，锚索的载荷压力最大值为24 MPa，掘进过程中巷道围岩压力变小，有效抑制了巷道变形，支护质量显著改善。切顶卸压沿空掘巷技术在赵固一矿的应用使采掘接替紧张等问题得到有效解决。

In order to solve the problems of tension of mining and excavation replacement,serious deformation of gob-side entry driving and difficulty of supporting in coal mine,taking Zhaogu No.1 coal mine as engineering background,the technology of advanced pre-splitting roof cutting and pressure relief in gob-side entry driving was proposed.Based on the technical principle of roof cutting and pressure relief along gob,the mechanical environment of surrounding rock of the gob-side entry driving is analyzed theoretically,and the related technical parameters of blasting,charging and support of gob-side entry driving are determined in the advanced pre-splitting and pressure relief technology.The industrial test was carried out on site.The test results show that advanced pre-splitting roof cutting and pressure relief driving technology along the gob can artificially pre-crack the seam,cut off the connection between the roof of gob-side entry and the roof of coal pillar,improve the mechanical environment of gob-side entry driving,and ensure the overall stability of its roof structure.The pre-splitting blasting roof cutting and pressure relief technology has a good pressure relief effect on the adjacent working face along the gob.The relative displacement of roof and floor of the gob-side entry is 60～180 mm,the relative displacement of the two sides is 25～80 mm,and the maximum load pressure of anchor cable is 24 MPa.During the driving period,the pressure of surrounding rock of the gob-side entry decreases,which effectively suppresses the gob-side entry deformation and significantly improves the support quality.The application of gob driving technology in Zhaogu No.1 Coal Mine has effectively solved problems such as the shortage of mining replacement.