近20年来，我国煤层气产业稳步实现商业开发，但产业发展瓶颈日益凸显：低效井占比大、达产率低，储产量规模与我国预期的规划目标存在较大差距。为查明煤层气井产能影响因素，研究了相适应的地质选区评价、工程工艺措施及排采管控技术。围绕沁水盆地南部水平井大规模投产实践，在分析地质特征和气井生产动态的基础上，重点结合构造、工程因素与排采管理，探讨了影响该区煤层气水平井产能的主控因素，并针对性地提出了提高水平井产能的对策建议，以期实现煤层气水平井规模化高效开发。研究表明：受气水重力分异影响，处于构造高部位的水平井见气早、上产快，效果明显优于低部位水平井；处于低部位的上翘性水平井见气晚、产水较大、上产慢；受渗透性非均质性影响，区内水平段有效长度与峰值产量相关性较弱，但侧钻易沟通邻近水层并导致局部井眼应力集中，造成气井产水大、煤粉多等问题；排采连续性与产气存在密切关系，停排时间长、次数多引起储层压力频繁扰动，破坏储层降压持续性，进而影响产气恢复速率及整体效果；此外，排采早期降压速率过大易引起压敏和速敏效应，伤害煤储层渗透率，进而影响气藏压降漏斗扩展及整体降压范围，最终影响气水产出效果。因此，建议优化水平井井位，加大低部位水平井的排采强度；定期环空注水稀释井底煤粉，降低停泵检修频次，提高排采连续性，将排采早期压降速率合理控制在0.02 MPa/d内。

In the past 20 years,coalbed methane industry in China has steadily achieved commercial development,but the bottleneck of industrial development has become increasingly prominent: the proportion of inefficient wells is large,the production rate is low,and the scale of storage and production is far from the expected pla nning goals. In order to find out the factors affecting the productivity of coalbed methane wells,the appropriate geological selection evaluation,engineering process mea sures and drainage management and control technology were studied. Focusing on the practice of large-scale production of horizontal wells in the southern Qinshui Ba sin,based on the analysis of geological characteristics and gas well production performance,combined with structure,engineering factors and drainage management,the main controlling factors affecting the productivity of CBM horizontal wells in this area are discussed. The countermeasures and suggestions to improve the productivity of horizontal wells were put forward to achieve large-scale and efficient development of coalbed methane horizontal wells. Studies have shown that: affected by the gra vity differentiation of gas and water,horizontal wells in the high part of the structure produce gas earlier and produce faster,and the effect is significantly better than that of horizontal wells at low positions;the upturned horizontal wells in low positions produce gas later and produce more water with slow production; affected by the hetero geneity of permeability,the correlation between the effective length of the horizontal section in the area and the peak production is weak,but the sidetracking can easily connect with adjacent water layers and cause local wellbore stress concentration,resulting in large water production in gas wells and pulverized coal and other issues; t here is a close relationship between the continuity of drainage and gas production. Long and frequent stoppages will cause frequent disturbances in reservoir pressure, destroy the continuity of reservoir pressure reduction,and affect the rate of recovery of gas production and the overall effect. In addition,the excessive pressure reductio n rate in the early stage of drainage can easily cause pressure sensitivity and velocity sensitivity effects, which will damage the permeability of coal reservoirs,and then affect the expansion of the pressure drop funnel of the gas reservoir and the overall pressure reduction range, and ultimately affect the gas-water production effect. Ther efore,it is recommended to optimize the location of horizontal wells and increase the drainage intensity of low-level horizontal wells; and regular annulus water injection can be employed to dilute the bottom pulverized coal,reduce the frequency of pump shutdown and maintenance,and improve the continuity of drainage and make the rat e of pressure drop in the early stage of drainage within 0.02 MPa/d.