浅埋煤层地区煤炭资源开发受多种水患因素影响，在地表剥蚀严重的沟谷区，更是受采动地表裂缝溃水水患的严重威胁。但现实中矿井地表沟道裂缝溃水数据较难获取，数据量较少，难以形成对沟道裂缝溃水及各主要影响因素较为准确和系统的认识。为了研究浅埋煤层矿井地表沟道裂缝溃水规律及各主要控制因子的影响程度，根据地表沟道裂缝溃水的主要控制因素，自行设计建造了地表沟道裂缝溃水实验平台。该实验平台能够对影响矿井地表沟道溃水的几项主要影响因子进行控制调节，观察不同控制因素对溃水量的影响程度，可解决实际溃水数据量较少难以进行溃水规律研究的问题。根据裂缝溃水实验数据结果分析了影响地表沟道裂缝溃水的水流流量、裂缝缝宽、坡降等影响因素与沟道裂缝溃水量之间各自的二元关系，发现沟道裂缝溃水水量与裂缝宽度成线性正相关关系，与沟道水流流量呈1/2幂指数关系，与沟道坡降的倒数呈对数关系。在此基础上，建立了单宽渠道单条裂缝溃水量与裂缝宽度、水流流量及沟道坡降之间的数学模型，推导出了实际地表沟道采动裂缝溃水量计算公式。实际应用证明，所推导的公式能够比较准确的进行矿井地表沟道裂缝溃水量预测。

Water inrush from ground cracks is a typical mine water inrush  disaster in shallow buried coal seams that is influenced by several factors.Accurate water inrush  prediction can be conducted by the quantitative analysis of influencing factors.However,the water inrush  law is poorly understood because of the lack of water inrush  data in mine production.This study aims to analyze the water inrush  law with the influencing factors by building an experimental platform,performing a water inrush  experiment,and obtaining some experimental data.The prediction method for water inrush  from ground cracks is established.The results show that the water inrush volume has a linear positive relationship with the crack width (CW),a 1/2-power exponential correlation with the total water flow in the trench and a logarithmic relationship with the inverse of the gully slope gradient.A predictive model can be used in water inrush  prediction based on the crack width,total water flow,and gully slope gradient.The water inrush volume in mine production can be calculated by the predictive model.The aforementioned results reveal that the water inrush  experiment and prediction model are useful for solving water inrush  from ground cracks problems in shallow buried seams.