采煤沉陷区建筑利用是解决资源城市转型发展用地和沉陷区村庄搬迁选址土地资源短缺难题的重要途径。系统进行采煤沉陷区情况调研、城镇建设建筑利用需求分析和工程发展历程回顾总结。归纳采煤沉陷区建筑利用关键技术，首先凝练提出采空区精准勘察的多种物探勘察、钻探勘察、钻孔彩色电视和三维激光扫描等技术，并给出了５种物探方法适用条件；通过整体分析评价技术中采动空间和采动时间稳定性问题，并基于场地稳定性、地基稳定性评价判据提出了工程建设５种（不适宜作地基的区域、暂不适宜作地基的区域、要求井下采空区处理的区域、可作地基的区域和推荐作地基的区域）适宜性分类；总结列出采空区加固治理与地面建筑抗变形结构设计的井上下措施及其关键技术；最后，针对采煤沉陷区城镇建设中建筑利用技术难题和不足，提出加强采煤沉陷区城镇建设和建筑利用的空间整体规划统筹引领作用，提升采空区精准勘探和地基加固治理技术装备水平，拓展移动期后采空区残余移动变形时空规律研究，加强采空区与建筑结构变形协同作用机理和效果优化研究，加强建设场地和建（构）筑物监测监控技术装备研发等今后研究发展方向，为推动采煤沉陷区城镇化建设科学研究与工程实践发展提供借鉴和参考。

The building utilization of coal mining subsidence area is an important way to solve the problem of land resource shortage in the transformation and development of resource cities and the relocation site of villages in subsidence areas. The situation investigation on the mining subsidence area,demand analysis of the urban construction and building utilization,and review of engineering development process are summarized systematically. Key technologies of building utilization in coal mining subsidence area are summarized,firstly,the of precise survey technologies of goaf such as geophysical prospecting,drilling prospecting,borehole color TV and three-dimensional laser scanning are proposed concisely,and the applicable conditions of five geophysical methods are given. Then the stability of mining space and time in the evaluation technology is analyzed,and the five types (including areas not suitable for foundation,areas temporarily not suitable for foundation,areas requiring underground goaf treatment,areas available for foundation and areas recommended for foundation) of suitability classification of engineering construction is proposed based on the evaluation criteria of site stability and foundation stability. Moreover,the treatment measures and key technologies of goaf reinforcement and ground building anti-deformation structure are summarized. Finally,aimed to the technical difficulties and deficiencies of building utilization in coal mining subsidence area,the future research and development directions are put forward,such as strengthening the leading role of overall spatial planning of urban construction and building utilization in coal mining subsidence area,improving the level of technical equipment for accurate exploration and foundation reinforcement of goaf,expanding the research on the time-space regulations of residual movement and deformation after moving period,strengthening the mechanism and effect optimization of deformation synergy between goaf and building structure,and strengthening the research and development of monitoring technical and equipment for construction sites and buildings.. This paper can provide reference for promoting the scientific research and engineering practice development of urbanization construction in coal mining subsidence area.