我国中东部众多矿区相继进入深部开采，面临着采掘接续紧张的突出问题。大断面岩巷TBM掘进以其智能化程度高、作业安全、掘进效率高等特点已逐渐应用于浅部矿井，在深部矿井中却应用极少，匮乏建设经验。因此，为研究深部矿井岩巷TBM智能高效掘进技术，提升深部矿井机械化、智能化建设的水平，山东新巨龙煤矿研发了大断面岩巷TBM智能掘进系统(“新矿1号”)，系统集成了掘进、出渣、支护、除尘、通风、降温、导向、防爆、防冲等技术于一体，实现了深井直径6.33 m硬岩巷道智能掘进、掘进时锚杆自动化施工、掘支平行作业等技术。基于此，综述了深部高温矿井TBM全断面硬岩掘进机应用的关键技术，主要包括:① 适用于深部高温矿井的岩巷TBM掘进装备建造模式;② TBM大尺寸部件的大埋深、长距离运输与安装技术;③ TBM智能掘进技术;④ 深井超大断面安装硐室和掘进巷道围岩稳定性控制技术;⑤ 深部高温高地应力矿井TBM智能掘进综合保障技术，包括：TBM通过高应力软岩破碎带等不良地层的地质预报、降温、除湿、降尘等技术。旨在通过论述该设备的研发和应用过程，提出深部矿井硬岩TBM掘进的难点和解决方法，为类似矿井采用TBM法掘进岩巷提供一定的经验和技术借鉴，以便于国内同行对该技术进行全面认识与深入研究。

In China,many coal mines have entered a deep mining stage and are facing the imbalance problems between coal mining and roadway excavation.Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) has been widely implemented in some sallow coal mines because of its high intelligence,safe operation and high driving efficiency during excavation.However,this TBM method is rarely tried to be used in deep high-temperature coal mining systems.Therefore,to study the intelligent TBM tunneling technology and promote the intelligent mining level of deep coal mines,the authors firstly introduce the geological conditions of Xinjulong coal mine and then take the large-section intelligent TBM system as an example to illustrate some key technologies during the TBM excavation.This system integrates some key technologies,such as tunneling,slag discharge,supporting,dust removal,ventilation,cooling,guidance,explosion-proof,and anti-scouring.It has realized the intelligent tunneling of roadways with a diameter of 6.33 m,automatic bolt supporting during tunneling,parallel tunneling and support and other key technologies.Based on this background,some key technologie are introduced which include:① Building mode of TBM for rocks in deep high-temperature coal mines;② The large depth,long-distance transportation and installation technology of large-size TBM components;③ Intelligent boring techniques by using TBM;④ The stability control method of extra-large installation cave and large-size TBM roadway in deep coal mines and ⑤ Comprehensive security technology for TBM intelligent excavation in deep high temperature and high in-situ stress coalmines,including:geological disaster prediction,cooling,dehumidification,dust reduction,etc.This study aims to discuss the development and application processes of the Xinjulong TBM,thus putting forward the difficulties and solutions during its operation.Moreover,this study could provide some experience and technical references for similar coal mines to use TBM in hard rock roadway,so as to facilitate the comprehensive understanding of the technology and improve the intelligent level of rock roadway development.

1 “新矿1号”TBM的研发及工程应用条件

   1.1 常规超前探测方法应用

   1.2 随掘超前探测方法

   1.3 现有技术方法分析

2 巷道快速智能掘进超前探测技术发展面临的关键问题

   2.1 快速掘进条件下超前地质问题极具复杂性

   2.2 快速智能掘进超前探测技术选择局限性

3 巷道快速智能掘进超前探测关键技术发展思考

   3.1 快速超前探测技术基础性研究

   3.2 联合反演成像

   3.3 大数据综合利用

   3.4 透明化地质条件构建

4 结语