为了有效控制和降低瓦斯爆炸事故带来的破坏效应，不断完善抑爆理论体系，在调研国内外抑制瓦斯爆炸相关文献的基础上，按抑爆材料种类的不同，分别从气体、水雾、粉体以及多相复合抑爆4个方面总结和分析了近年来瓦斯抑爆材料和抑爆机理的研究进展，并提出未来的创新发展趋势。大部分研究通过试验研究对比分析各类材料抑爆效果的差异性，结合最大爆炸压力、最大爆炸压力上升速率、爆炸极限、爆炸威力指数、火焰传播、火焰温度等特征参数的变化规律，基于理论分析和数值模拟解释其爆炸抑制机理，主要基于物理惰化可燃气体及氧气浓度、冷却或吸收爆炸区域热量、隔绝热传递、消除甲烷爆炸支链反应产生的H、O、OH等关键自由基等进行瓦斯抑爆机理分析，发现能有效探明抑爆材料影响瓦斯爆炸反应微观作用机理的试验检测手段明显不足。多相态材料复合抑爆是近年来研究的热点，发现了多种抑爆材料联合使用时会出现协同增效现象，其抑爆效果明显比单一材料使用时抑爆效果好，但其协同抑爆机理尚未揭示清楚，有待深入研究。多种材料的组合抑爆规律、多种材料协同抑爆机理的精准揭示、使用先进的试验设备检测反应微观过程、高效环保的新材料抑爆剂研发等将是未来瓦斯抑爆研究的重点。

In order to effectively control and reduce the destructiveness caused by gas explosion accidents, continuously improve the explosion suppression theoretical system, based on the investigation of domestic and foreign related literatures on gas explosion suppression, and different types of explosion suppressing materials and explosion suppression mechanism, they can be divided into gas, water mist and powder. It summarized and analyzed the research progress of gas explosion suppression materials and explosion suppression mechanism in the four aspects of gas, water mist, powder and multi-phase composite explosion suppression, and proposed future innovation development trends.Most studies have compared and analyzed the differences of the explosion suppression effects of various materials through experimental research, combined with the changing rules of maximum explosion pressure,maximum explosion pressure rise rate, explosive limit, explosive power index,flame propagation,flame temperature and other characteristic parameters, and explained the explosion suppression mechanism based on theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.The mechanism of gas explosion suppression was analyzed mainly based on physical inerting combustible gas and oxygen concentration, cooling or absorbing heat in the explosion area, isolating heat transfer, eliminating key free radicals such as H, O, OH and other key free radicals produced by the explosive branch chain reaction of methane.It is found that the experimental detection methods that can effectively detect the microscopic mechanism of gas explosion reaction affected by explosion suppression materials are obviously insufficient. The composite explosion suppression of multi-phase materials has been a research hotspot in recent years. It has been found that when multiple explosion suppression materials are used in combination, there will be a synergistic effect. The explosion suppression effect is obviously better than that when a single material is used, but the mechanism of synergistic explosion suppression has not yet been revealed and should been further researched. The combination of explosion suppression laws of multiple materials, the precise disclosure of the collaborative explosion suppression mechanism, the use of advanced test equipment to detect the microscopic reaction process of the experiment, and the development of efficient and environmental-friendly new material explosion suppression agents will be the focus of future gas explosion suppression research. 

0 引言

1 气体抑爆

   1.1 气体抑爆研究现状

   1.2 气体抑爆机理分析

2 水雾抑爆

   2.1 水雾抑爆研究现状

   2.2 水雾抑爆机理分析

3 粉体抑爆

   3.1 粉体抑爆研究现状

   3.2 粉体抑爆机理分析

4 多相复合抑爆

   4.1 气-液复合抑爆研究现状

   4.2 气-固复合抑爆研究现状

   4.3 气-液-固复合抑爆研究现状

   4.4 多相复合抑爆机理分析

5 讨论与展望