随着全球镁行业的快速发展，以皮江法为主的炼镁过程中产生大量冶炼废渣（镁渣）不断堆积，对环境的威胁与日俱增。如何大规模无害化处理镁渣，并实现镁渣的资源化利用，对推进金属镁行业的发展和环境的保护至关重要。通过总结镁渣的基本特性和应用现状，分析了镁渣的膨胀和胶凝特性机理。鉴于镁渣活性低，大多数镁渣的应用常常配合粉磨、急冷和添加激活剂等激活方式，但是仍然没有根本解决镁渣活性低和膨胀的问题。因此，提出了使用化学稳定剂对镁渣进行改性处理，阐明了改性原理和改性过程，并通过室内实验和工业实验成功获得了一种改性镁渣（MMS）。MMS呈完整球团状，硬度高且性质稳定，富含β-Ca2SiO4，具有良好的水化活性。在此基础上，研究使用MMS混合粉煤灰作为胶凝剂，并以风积沙为骨料制备了一种新型膏体充填材料（MFPB），发现MFPB具有良好的基本性能。其中，MFPB的mini-坍落度值在127～141 mm，28 d强度可达5.249～7.491 MPa，并且具有良好的环境稳定性。基于以上理论和试验研究，在麻黄梁煤矿开展了工业试验，将MFPB用于井下充填，井下28 d取心平均强度可达6.23 MPa。如将该技术推广，不仅能把镁渣、粉煤灰等固废进行大规模产业化处理，还可大幅度降低矿山充填的成本。

With the rapid development of the global magnesium industry, a large amount of magnesium slag is continuously accumulated in the process of magnesium smelting based on the Pidgeon process, and the threat to the environment is increasing. How to treat the magnesium slag in a large-scale harmless manner and realize the resource utilization of the magnesium slag is very important to promote the development of the magnesium industry and the protection of environment. By summarizing the basic characteristics and application status of magnesium slag, the mechanism of expansion and gelation characteristics of magnesium slag was analyzed. In view of the low activity of magnesium slag, most of the applications of magnesium slag are often combined with activation methods such as grinding, quenching and adding activators, but the problem of low activity and expansion of magnesium slag is still not fundamentally solved. Therefore, this paper proposed the use of chemical stabilizers to modify magnesium slag, clarified the modification principle and modification process, and successfully obtained a modified magnesium slag(MMS) through indoor and industrial experiments. The MMS is in the form of complete pellets, has high hardness and stable properties, is rich in β-Ca2SiO4, and has good hydration activity. On this basis, a new type of paste filling material(MFPB) was prepared using the MMS mixed fly ash as a gelling agent and aeolian sand as aggregate, which has some good basic properties. Among them, the mini-slump value of the MFPB is between 127-141 mm, the 28 d strength can reach 5.249-7.491 MPa, and it has good environmental stability. Based on the above theoretical and experimental research, some industrial tests were carried out in Mahuangliang Coal Mine, and the MFPB was successfully used for underground filling, and the average strength of 28 d underground coring can reach 6.23 MPa. If the technology is promoted, it is not only enable to carry out large-scale industrial treatment of solid wastes such as magnesium slag and fly ash, but also greatly reduces the cost of mine filling.

1 镁渣的基本特性

   1.1 镁渣的产生

   1.2 镁渣的组成

   1.3 镁渣的特性

2 镁渣的激活与改性

   2.1 激活方式

   2.2 镁渣的改性

3 改性镁渣的充填应用

   3.1 试验研究

   3.2 工程应用

4 效益分析

   4.1 环保

   4.2 经济效益

5 效益分析

   5.1 环保

   5.2 经济效益

6 结论