挥发性有机物（VOCs）是引起PM2.5和光化学烟雾等环境问题的重要前体物质，是“十四五”期间我国空气质量改善指标之一，VOCs减排是当前大气污染治理的热点问题。作为我国主要的一次能源，煤炭消费在电力行业中仍占主导。煤炭是VOCs排放的主要贡献者，然而目前国内外单独针对燃煤电站烟气中VOCs治理的研究和工程实践很少。基于燃煤电厂烟气VOCs典型排放特性，综述了现有VOCs末端回收与销毁技术的研究现状，重点介绍了吸附、吸收、生物降解、光催化、低温等离子体、催化氧化、臭氧氧化法的特点、适用条件及最新研究进展。在我国碳减排和大气多污染物协同治理的背景下，展望了燃煤电厂烟气实现VOCs净化的技术研究方向。吸附、催化氧化技术适用于大风量、低浓度的燃煤烟气VOCs处理。吸附材料选择性低、可吸附多种VOCs。吸附技术的研究目前主要集中在探究吸附机理，设计高效吸附剂，分析VOCs在复杂烟气环境中的吸附行为。催化剂的催化活性受载体、金属负载量、制备方法等多因素影响。研发高效稳定的催化剂是催化氧化技术的关键。目前已有研究进行VOCs和NOx协同催化氧化，在中高温条件下效果显著，仍需进一步探究协同催化机理、反应副产物及竞争吸附等。常温催化氧化技术可实现结构复杂、种类多样VOCs的常温高效降解，解决传统催化氧化技术能耗高、安全性差、高温易失活等问题，降低烟气治理成本，促进零碳排放，在燃煤电厂烟气VOCs治理上具有很好的应用前景。将VOCs常温催化氧化技术与现有烟气处理设备组合进行升级改造、开发多种污染物协同控制的催化工艺是控制燃煤电厂烟气VOCs排放的发展趋势。

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is the prominent precursors to environmental problems such as PM2.5 and photochemical smog,are one of the targets for improving air quality in China during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. Currently,the emission reduction of VOCs is a hot issue in air pollution control. As the main primary energy source in China,coal consumption is still dominant in the power industry. Coal is a major contributor to VOCs emissions. However,there are few studies and engineering practices for VOCs management in the flue gas of coal-fired power plants. Based on the introduction of the typical emission characteristics of VOCs in flue gas from coal-fired power plants,the current research status of existing terminal recovery and destruction technologies for VOCs was summarized and the characteristics,applicable conditions，and latest research progress of the technologies including adsorption,absorption,biodegradation,photocatalysis,low-temperature plasma,catalytic oxidation and ozone oxidation methods were introduced. Under the background of China′s carbon emission reduction era and collaborative emission reduction of air pollutants,the research direction of VOCs purification technology for flue gas from coal-fired power plants was prospected. Adsorption and catalytic oxidation technologies are suitable for the treatment of VOCs in the flue gas of coal-fired power plants with high air volumes and low concentrations. Adsorption possesses a relatively low selectivity and can adsorb various VOCs. The research of adsorption technology mainly focuses on exploring the adsorption mechanism,designing efficient adsorbents,and dissecting the adsorption behavior of VOCs in complex flue gas environment. The catalytic activity of the catalyst is affected by many factors,such as support,metal loading,preparation method and so on. Developing efficient and stable catalysts is the key to catalytic oxidation technology. The research on the synergistic catalytic oxidation of VOCs and NOx has achieved remarkable results under medium and high temperature. It is still necessary to further probe into the synergistic catalytic mechanism,reaction by-products and competitive adsorption. Normal temperature catalytic oxidation technology can realize the high-efficiency degradation of VOCs with complex structure and various types at room temperature,solve the problems of high energy consumption,poor safety and deactivation at high temperature of traditional catalytic oxidation technology,reduce flue gas treatment cost and promote zero carbon emission. It has a good application prospect for purifying VOCs in flue gas of coal-fired power plants. The combination of normal-temperature catalytic oxidation technology for VOCs with existing flue gas treatment equipment and developing synergistic catalytic processes of multiple pollutants will be the development trend for controlling VOCs in flue gas from coal-fired power plants.

0 引言

1 燃煤电厂烟气中VOCs排放特性

2 VOCs末端处理技术研究进展及机理分析

   2.1 回收技术

   2.2 销毁技术

3 结语与展望