燃煤等化石能源电站CO2排放量巨大，开展燃煤电站碳减排是实现双碳目标的必经之路。碱金属基固体吸收剂捕集CO2具有再生能耗低、选择性高等优点。但依靠电站自身能量实现碳捕集，能效代价巨大，对此提出利用槽式太阳能集热驱动镁基碳捕集再生，避免燃煤发电单一碳捕集的效能损失，同时将碳酸化放热替代电厂抽汽加热给水，提升发电量。基于某典型燃煤电站开展系统设计及分析，计算设计系统引入槽式太阳能和碳捕集系统带来的增发功率，比较设计系统、单一燃煤碳捕集系统及参比系统的总出功。结果表明，相比单一燃煤碳捕集系统，设计系统避免了46.4 MW发电功率损失，同时借助碳酸化放热，发电功率提升了46.2 MW。设计系统较单一燃煤碳捕集和单一光热发电的简单叠加系统发电功率增加了44 MW，实现了1+1＞2的集成效果。典型日分析下考虑1 d中太阳直射辐射强度的变化，设计系统可通过调控碳捕集过程避免辐照过高/过低对系统稳定运行的影响，典型日下系统平均碳捕集量达135.6 t/h，增发功率达23.2 MW/h，实现了系统的变工况高效运行。设计系统避免了电站自身碳捕集带来的效能损失，提高了发电量，实现了太阳能高效利用和化石能源清洁利用，为可再生能源与化石能源的互补低碳高效利用提供思路。

The CO2 emission from fossil-fuel power plants such as coal-fired power plants is huge, and carbon emission reduction from coal-fired power plants is the only way to achieve the dual-carbon goal. The alkali metal based solid absorbent for CO2 capture has the advantages of low regeneration energy consumption and high selectivity. However, it is very costly to realize carbon capture by the power plant′s own energy, so it is proposed to use trough solar energy to drive magnesium-based carbon capture and regeneration to avoid the efficiency loss of carbon capture in coal-fired power generation, at the same time, the carbonation heat release is used to replace the steam extraction and heating water supply of the power plant, which increases the power generation. Based on the design and analysis of a typical coal-fired power plant development system, the additional power brought by the introduction of trough solar energy and carbon capture system into the design system was calculated, and the total output power of the design system, the single coal-fired carbon capture system and the reference system were compared. The results show that compared with the single coal-fired carbon capture system, the design system avoids 46.4 MW power loss, at the same time, the power generation is increased by 46.2 MW with the aid of heat release from carbonation. The power of the system is increased by 44 MW compared with the simple superposition system of single coal-fired carbon capture and single photothermal power generation, realizing the integration effect of 1+1>2. Taking into account the variation of the solar radiation intensity during a typical day, the system can be designed to avoid the influence of too high/too low radiation on the stability of the system by regulating the carbon capture process, the average carbon capture capacity and the additional power of the system can reach 135.6 t/h and 23.2 MW/h, respectively, realizing the efficient operation of the system under variable working conditions. The system is designed to avoid the loss of efficiency caused by the power plant′s own carbon capture, increase the amount of electricity generated, and achieve efficient use of solar energy and clean use of fossil fuels, which can provide ideas for the low-carbon and high-efficient utilization of the complementary renewable energy and fossil energy.

0 引言

1 槽式太阳能碳捕集-燃煤互补发电系统建模

   1.1 系统简介

   1.2 槽式太阳能聚光集热

   1.3 镁基吸附剂捕集CO2

   1.4 电站汽水循环建模

2 系统综合性能分析

   2.1 系统集成设计

   2.2 典型日变工况运行

3 结论