Interdisciplinary Innovation Lab for Environment & Energy, Tianjin University of Commerce
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University
School of Environment and Ecology, Tibet University

生活垃圾的清洁处理关乎环境保护、循环经济发展和民生福祉。 现有的生活垃圾处理技术主要包括:填埋、焚烧、热解、气化、水热、(好氧)堆肥、(厌氧)消化/ 发酵等。 我国生活垃圾清运量以及社会对清洁能源的需求与日俱增,生活垃圾的环境污染属性与能量迁移转化高度相关,因此生活垃圾能源化技术的发展与应用备受关注。 在双碳目标下,生活垃圾能源化技术应倡导绿色、环保、低碳。 既要实现生活垃圾的高效利用,又要加快降低碳排放步伐,引导创新绿色技术。本文简述了生活垃圾能源化技术分类及特征,以及主要技术的研究与应用进展,并对能源化技术的低碳环保化发展机遇与挑战进行了分析,最后展望了垃圾分类、人工智能技术、绿氢技术对生活垃圾能源化处理与绿色低碳化发展的重要作用。 本文从能源转化与减污降碳的角度展开分析,为生活垃圾能源化处理技术的发展提供指导。

The efficient treatment and clean disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) are crucial to ur⁃ban environmental protection and economic development. Existing municipal solid waste treatment tech⁃nologies mainly include landfill, incineration, pyrolysis, gasification, hydrothermal method, (aerobic)compost, (anaerobic) digestion / fermentation, etc. The production of domestic MSW is increasing, aswell as the energy demand of the society, and thus the conversion from MSW to energy is of great im⁃portance. Under the goal of carbon neutrality, the treatment of MSW should develop toward greening,protecting environment and reducing carbon emission. It should not only achieve efficient utilization ofMSW, but also accelerate the pace of reducing carbon emissions and guide innovation in green technol⁃ogy. This paper briefly described the classification and characteristics of waste to energy technologies.The research and application progress of main technologies were summarized, and the opportunities andchallenges were analyzed towards low-carbon and environment-friendly development. Finally, the ap⁃plications of sorting, artificial intelligence and green hydrogen technologies for MSW treatment were re⁃viewed. This paper provides useful information from the views of energy conversion and carbon reduc⁃tion, benefiting the development of MSW treatment.

国家自然科学基金(52122609)

陈冠益, 陈欣, 颜蓓蓓, 等. 面向低碳环保的生活垃圾能源化技术进展与应用[J]. 能源环境保护, 2023,37(1): 74-82.

CHEN Guanyi, CHEN Xin, YAN Beibei, et al. Low-carbon and environmental-friendly municipal solid wastetreatment technologies for energy utilization: A review [ J]. Energy Environmental Protection, 2023, 37 ( 1):74-82.