作为高炉炼铁还原剂，焦炭需求量巨大，其生产过程产生大量焦炉煤气，且成分复杂，富含H2，热值高。然而约20%被直接排放或以“点天灯”方式燃烧，与双碳目标相背。焦炉煤气的清洁高效利用是推动冶金、焦化行业高质量发展的关键因素之一。目前，焦炉煤气制氢技术以变压吸附、深冷法、膜分离法等物理方法为主，非催化和催化重整、氧传输膜重整、化学链重整等化学方法制氢技术也受到关注，旨在为下游石油化工、金属冶炼与加工等行业提供清洁原料气。综述了不同焦炉煤气制氢技术的原理、特点以及研究与应用进展，针对焦炉煤气利用开发程度低，CH4、CO2、CO、焦油、苯等组分利用率低等问题给出建议。对于物理净化分离技术，高选择性吸附剂、分离膜的设计和开发以及装备的集约化是研究重点；对于化学重整技术，耐硫催化剂、氧传输膜、载氧体的构筑及工业化探索是研究重点。化学法+物理法联合制氢工艺包含净化、重整、分离等工序，是实现焦炉煤气清洁、高效、高值化利用的重要路径，是未来重要发展方向。

Coke is used as reductant for blast furnace ironmaking, which is in great demand. The production process accompanies by a large number of coke oven gas (COG) generation, which has complex compositions, rich in hydrogen and high calorific value. However, about 20% gas is directly discharged or burned away in the way of "lighting the sky lamp", which conflicts with the current situation of hydrogen production capacity shortage and high price, and goes against the "double carbon" target. Realizing the clean and efficient utilization of coke oven gas is one of the key factors to promote the high-quality development of coking and metallurgical industries. At present, physical methods are the main technologies for producing hydrogen from coke oven gas, such as pressure swing adsorption (PSA), cryogenic process, membrane separation, etc. and the non-catalytic and catalytic reforming, oxygen transfer membrane (OTM) reforming, chemical looping reforming and other chemical producing hydrogen technologies are also focused, aiming at providing clean raw material gas for the downstream petrochemical, metal smelting and processing industries and others. The principle, characteristics, research and application progress of different hydrogen production technologies from coke oven gas were reviewed, and suggestions were given for the problems of the low exploitation level of coke oven gas and the low utilization rate of CH4, CO2, CO, tar and benzene. For physical purification and separation technology, the design and development of highly selective adsorbents, separation membranes and equipment intensification are the research keys. For chemical reforming technology, the construction of sulfur-resistant catalyst, oxygen transfer membrane, oxygen carrier and industrial exploration are the research focus. The combined hydrogen production process of chemical method and physical method includes purification, reforming, separation and other processes, which is an important path to realize clean, efficient and high-value utilization of coke oven gas, and an important direction of future development.

0 引言

1 物理方法制氢

   1.1 变压吸附制氢

   1.2 膜分离制氢

   1.3 深冷法分离产氢

2 化学方法重整制氢

   2.1 传统催化和非催化重整制氢

   2.2 氧传输膜重整制氢

   2.3 化学链重整制氢

3 脱硫脱硝与杂质利用

4 结语及展望