State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University

全球每年塑料总产量高达 4 亿 t,使用后的塑料近 80%被直接填埋或倾倒在自然界中,随之产生和释放的微塑料会对生态环境及人类健康带来巨大威胁,如何高效环保地处理废塑料已成为当下国内外共同关注和研究的热点。 在众多的废塑料处理方式中,以热解为代表的化学回收技术可将高分子聚合物转变为小分子单体或低聚物等高值产品,是目前废塑料回收技术研究的前沿领域。 本文详细总结了废塑料快速热解、催化热解、氧化热解、加氢热解等不同热解技术的研究和产业化进展,对目前废塑料热解研究和产业化面临的挑战和难题进行了讨论,并展望了各种热解技术未来的发展方向,以期在未来的研究中能够根据现有基础探索出更加高效、环保、经济的废塑料热解技术和方法,从而满足不断增长的环保和可持续发展需求。

The total production of global plastics is up to 400 million tons per year. Nearly 80% of theused plastics are directly landfilled or dumped in the environment, leading to the generation and releaseof microplastics, which poses a great threat to both environment and human health. How to recycleplastic waste efficiently and environmentally has become a common concern worldwide. Among the plas⁃tic waste recycling methods, chemical recycling such as pyrolysis can realize the transformation frompolymer to high-value products. This paper summarizes the research and industrialization progress offour different plastic waste pyrolysis technologies, namely fast pyrolysis, catalytic pyrolysis, oxidativepyrolysis and hydro-pyrolysis. The challenges faced by the pyrolysis of plastic waste is discussed andthe future development direction of various pyrolysis technologies is also outlooked. It is expected thatsome more efficient, environmentally friendly, and economical technologies of plastic waste pyrolysiscan be explored in the future, to meet the growing demand for environmental protection and sustainabledevelopment.

国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作项目(2022YFE0135400)

0 引 言
1 快速热解(Fast pyrolysis)
2 催化热解(Catalytic pyrolysis)
3 氧化热解(Oxidative pyrolysis/Autothermal pyrolysis)
4 加氢热解(Hydro-pyrolysis)
5 总结与展望

谢雯, 张祥琨, 赵志刚, 等. 基于热解的废塑料化学升级回收研究进展[J]. 能源环境保护, 2023, 37(3):98-108.

XIE Wen, ZHANG Xiangkun, ZHAO Zhigang, et al. Progress of research on chemical upcycling of plastic wastebased on pyrolysis[J]. Energy Environmental Protection, 2023, 37(3): 98-108.