China Coal Research Institute Corporation Ltd.
National Energy Technology & Equipment Laboratory of Coal Utilization and Emission Control
Beijing Key Laboratory of Coal Based Carbon Materials

固定床液态熔渣气化炉采用固定床加压气化、液态排渣技术,液态熔渣气化炉与其他固定床工艺相比具有气化温度、气化效率、有效气含量均高以及蒸汽使用量少、废水产量低等优点。液态熔渣控制是熔渣气化炉稳定运行的重中之重,研究熔渣气化炉渣池液位控制方法具有重要意义。为保证固定床熔渣气化炉液态熔渣的顺利排出,通过研究原料煤品质、助熔剂配比、汽氧比、烧嘴火焰温度、排渣控制参数设置及操作经验等因素对气化炉排渣的影响,提出液态熔渣排渣控制方法。结果表明:CaO含量控制在35%~40%则可降低液态渣的灰熔融温度,通过调整石灰石配比将液渣黏度控制在1~3Pa·s,可保证液态渣的流动性;烧嘴火焰温度影响排渣口处液渣的温度,将其控制在1700~1750℃时其液渣流动性最佳;汽氧比对渣温同样具有重要影响,汽氧比低会使燃烧反应加剧、气化炉反应温度升高,可通过熔渣颜色判断汽氧比状况,汽氧比控制在0.88~0.92kg/Nm3最佳;气化炉稳定运行时,下渣时间控制为禁止排渣时间(T1)为120~200s,允许排渣时间(T2)为100s,下渣时间(T3)为30~40s,激活排渣压差为45kPa,使渣池压差控制在47~49kPa。总结工业生产实践经验并对液态熔渣的影响因素、液态熔渣的控制途径以及控制方法等进行阐述,可优化液态熔渣气化炉排渣控制,为实现气化炉的运行提供理论和操作依据。

Fixed⁃bed liquid slagging gasifier adopts pressurized gasification and liquid slag discharge technology.Compared with other fixed⁃bed processes, slagging gasifier has considerable advantages, such as higher gasifica⁃tion temperature, efficiency, effective gas content, significantly reduced steam consumption and wastewateroutput. Liquid slag control is the most important task for stable operation of the slagging gasifier. Therefore, it isof great significance to study the liquid level control method of slag pool in slagging gasifier. In order to ensure thesmooth discharge of liquid slag from fixed⁃bed slagging gasifier, the control method of liquid slag discharge is put for⁃ward by studying the influence of factors such as raw coal quality, fluxing medium ratio, vapor⁃oxygen ratio, burnerflame temperature, slag discharge control parameter setting and operation experience on the discharge of gasifier. Theresults show that the ash melting temperature of the liquid slag can be reduced by controlling the CaO content between35% and 40%, and the fluidity of the liquid slag can be ensured by controlling the viscosity of the liquid slag at 1-3 Pa·s by adjusting the limestone ratio. The temperature of the nozzle flame affects the temperature of the liquid slagat the slag discharge outlet. When the temperature is controlled between 1 700 ℃ and 1 750 ℃, the liquid slag fluid⁃ity is the best. The vapor⁃oxygen ratio also has an important influence on the slag temperature. Low vapor⁃oxygen ratiowill aggravate the combustion reaction and increase the reaction temperature of gasifier. The vapor⁃oxygen ratio can bejudged by the color of slag, and the best vapor⁃oxygen ratio is controlled at 0. 88-0. 92 kg / Nm3. When the gasifierruns stably, the slagging time is controlled as the forbidden slagging time ( T1 ) is 120 - 200 s, the allowedslagging time ( T2 ) is 100 s, the slagging time ( T3 ) is 30 - 40 s, the activated slagging pressure difference is45 kPa, and the slagging pool pressure difference is controlled in 47-49 kPa. This study summarizes the practicalexperience of industrial production, expounds the influencing factors of liquid molten slag, the control ways and con⁃trol methods of liquid molten slag, and optimizes the slag discharge control of liquid slagging gasifier, provides theo⁃retical and operational basis for the operation of gasifier.

煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司技术创新基金I类资助项目(2021CX-I-02)

陈江明, 王学 云, 张 波 涛. 固 定 床 液 态 熔 渣 气 化 炉 渣 池 液 位 控 制 方 法 探 究 [ J]. 煤 质 技 术, 2023,38 (5): 43-50.

CHEN Jiangming, WANG Xueyun, ZHANG Botao. Discussion of liquid level control method of slag pool in fixed⁃bed liquid slagging gasifier [J]. Coal Quality Technology, 2023, 38 (5): 43-50.