Monash University of Joint Graduate School, Southeast University
School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University
Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education

中国是目前全球最大的能源消费国,能源结构具有“富煤贫油少气”的特点。 煤炭作为化石能源之一,其大量消耗不可避免地导致了 CO2的排放问题。 生物质气来源广、总量大、环境友好,高效利用生物质可有效降低碳排放和化石燃料的使用。 燃料电池是一种可以将燃料中的化学能转化成电能的电化学装置,相较于传统热机,因其不受卡诺循环效应限制,具有更高的能量转化率。 固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)以其纯固态、高效率和燃料灵活性而备受关注,研究人员不断致力于改进燃料电池材料、组件和系统设计,以提高效率、降低成本,并推进其在能源领域的广泛应用。 将SOFC 与生物质气化联用可以实现生物质高效分布式发电及能源利用。 生物质气化气中含有多种组分及微量污染物,对 SOFC 的运行存在一定的影响。 本文简述了 SOFC 的工作原理、关键材料、性能提升等相关技术进展,并介绍了生物质气化耦合 SOFC 运行中存在的问题和挑战。

China is currently the world′s largest energy consumer, and its energy structure is character⁃ized by being rich in coal, deficient in oil, and having a limited supply of natural gas. The heavy reli⁃ance on coal, as a fossil fuel, inevitably leads to significant CO2 emissions. Biomass gas, on the otherhand, is abundant, environmentally friendly, and offers a potential solution to reduce carbon emissionsand dependence on fossil fuels. Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that can convert the chemical en⁃ergy in fuels into electricity. Unlike traditional heat engines, fuel cells are not subject to the limitationsof the Carnot cycle and have higher energy conversion efficiencies. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) haveattracted significant attention due to their pure solid-state nature, high efficiency, and fuel flexibility.Researchers continuously work on improving fuel cell materials, components, and system designs to en⁃hance efficiency, reduce costs, and promote their widespread use in the energy sector. The coupling ofSOFC with biomass gasification has emerged as an efficient approach for distributed power generationand energy utilization from biomass. Biomass gas contains various components and trace pollutants thatcan have some impact on the operation of SOFC. This article provides an overview of the working prin⁃ciple of SOFC, key materials, and advancements in performance enhancement. It also discusses thechallenges and issues related to the operation of SOFC coupled with biomass gasification. In summary,the combination of SOFC technology with biomass gasification holds great promise in addressing China′senergy and environmental challenges. It provides a pathway to efficiently convert biomass resources intoelectricity while reducing carbon emissions and the reliance on coal. However, there are still technicaland operational challenges to overcome to fully realize the potential of this integrated approach.

国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFE0122000)

徐越, 李桃, 肖睿. 生物质气化耦合固体氧化物燃料电池研究现状及前景分析[J]. 能源环境保护, 2023,37(6): 1-11.

XU Yue, LI Tao, XIAO Rui. A review on development status and prospects of biomass gasification integration withsolid oxide fuel cells[J]. Energy Environmental Protection, 2023, 37(6): 1-11.