CCTEG Xi'an Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd
Chongqing Research Institute Co. Ltd., China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp.

井下定向钻孔可实现超前、区域、精准瓦斯抽采，是煤矿区瓦斯资源开发的重要技术手段。针对煤矿井下全域化高效精准瓦斯抽采需要，在“十三五”国家科技重大专项支持下，研发了井下旋转地质导向定向钻进技术装备、碎软煤层双动力头双管定向钻进技术装备、井下大直径高位长钻孔定向钻进技术装备等3种适用于不同含煤地层、不同类型瓦斯抽采定向钻孔施工的重大技术装备。其中井下旋转地质导向定向钻进技术装备的单根钻杆自动上卸时间55 s，典型故障诊断准确率90%，随钻地层探查距离≥0.5 m，旋转导向造斜力达到1.4 t，最大成孔深度达到820 m，提升了定向钻探装备智能化水平，实现了煤矿井下定向钻进从“几何导向”到“旋转地质导向”的跨越；碎软煤层双动力头双管定向钻进技术装备的套管动力头额定转矩6 000 N·m，钻杆动力头额定转矩3 000 N·m，护孔筛管直径达到Ф75 mm，0.3≤f≤0.5（f为煤岩层坚固性系数）的碎软煤层中孔深250 m以上钻孔的成孔率达到75%，将定向钻进适用地层范围由f≥0.8拓宽至f≥0.3，实现了碎软煤层区域递进式瓦斯抽采；井下大直径高位长钻孔定向钻进技术装备的额定转矩23 000 N·m，一次成孔直径153 mm，一次扩孔直径300 mm，最大成孔深度达到1 071 m，提升了顶板高位定向钻孔成孔直径，为“以孔代巷”采动卸压瓦斯抽采提供了技术装备支撑。以上技术装备显著提高了煤矿井下瓦斯抽采定向钻孔的成孔能力和瓦斯抽采效果，推动了煤矿井下瓦斯抽采技术进步，保障了煤矿安全高效绿色开采。

Underground directional drilling can realize advanced, regional and precise gas drainage, which is an important technical means for coalbed methane (gas) development in coal mining area. In view of the needs for full-scale, efficient and precise gas drainage underground coal mine, and with the support of the major national science and technology projects in the 13th five year plan, three kinds of major equipment had been developed, such as underground rotary geosteering intelligent directional drilling technology and equipment, double power head and double pipe directional drilling technology and equipment for soft-fragmentized seam, underground large-diameter high-level long borehole directional drilling technology and equipment, which were suitable for different types gas drainage directional drilling construction in different coal bearing strata. The automatically add drill pipe time was less than 55 s of the underground rotary geosteering intelligent directional drilling technology and equipment, with the accuracy rate of typical fault diagnosis was 90%, the stratum exploration distance was ≥0.5 m, the deflection force of rotary guidance system reached 1.4 T, and the maximum drilling depth was 820 m, which improved the intelligent level of directional drilling equipment and realized the directional drilling from “geometric steering” to “rotary geosteering” underground coal mine. The rated torque of casing power head was 6000 Nm of the double power head and double pipe directional drilling technology and equipment for soft-fragmentized seam, with the rated torque of drill pipe power head was 3000 Nm, and the diameter of sieve pipe was Ф75 mm, the borehole forming rate in soft-fragmentized seam with the depth of more than 250 m reached 75%, which made the applicable stratum range of directional drilling from f ≥ 0.8 to f ≥ 0.3 and realized the progressive gas drainage. The rated torque was 23000 Nm of underground large-diameter high-level long borehole directional drilling technology and equipment, with the diameter of one-time borehole forming was 153 mm, the diameter of one-time reaming was 300 mm, and the maximum drilling depth was 1071 m, which improved the borehole forming diameter of high-level directional drilling and provided technical equipment support for “hole instead of roadway” for mining gas drainage. These technical equipment had significantly improved the borehole forming capacity and gas extraction effect of underground gas extraction directional drilling, promoted the progress of underground gas extraction technology, and ensured the safe, efficient and green mining of coal mine.

十三五国家科技重大专项资助项目（2016ZX05045-003）

李泉新，姚　克，方　俊，等. 煤矿井下瓦斯高效精准抽采定向钻进技术与装备[J]. 煤炭科学技术，2023，51（S1）：65−72.

LI Quanxin，YAO Ke，FANG Jun，et al. Directional drilling technology and equipment for efficient and accurate gas drainage underground coal mine[J]. Coal Science and Technology，2023，51（S1）：65−72.