针对深部煤储层埋藏深、渗透率低、应力环境复杂等开发难题,总结大宁-吉县区块近5 年勘探开发取得成果,明确了资源富集条件、有效改造体积、水平段长、良好储盖组合条件是气井高产关键因素。在“人造气藏”开发理论指导下,建立了地质-工程一体化背景下的深部煤层气高效开发技术体系:①基于储层资源条件、构造保存条件和工程改造条件3 大类11 项指标,建立深部煤层气地质工程开发甜点评价标准;②基于微幅构造刻画、多尺度裂缝预测、三维地质模型构建等技术,形成“地质+工程”全要素定量化、可视化表征的煤储层精细评价技术;③按照“地质小尺度、三维地震微尺度、轨迹走靶体、少调快钻”导向思路,形成以钻前轨迹精优设计、精准入靶及靶后微调为核心的三阶段地质工程一体化导向技术;④按照实现资源动用和采收率最大化为目标,形成“地应力场、天然裂缝场、人工裂缝场、井型与方位、井网井距”五位一体井网优化设计技术;⑤依据深部煤层气赋存特征、渗流机理和气井生产特征,形成以产量不稳定分析法为主,经验产量递减法、数值模拟法和经验类比等多方法结合的气井产能评价及EUR 预测技术;⑥遵循“四位一体”精准选段和“井间交错+段内差异化”设计原则,形成以构建人造气藏为目标的大规模体积压裂技术;⑦根据气井气水变化特征,形成全生命周期不同生产阶段排采优化控制技术;⑧结合当前AI 技术进展与深部煤层气开发规律、集输等特征,探索了地质、工程、地面等多专业一体化协同环境下集输和数智化技术。在这一成果指导下,已投产29 口水平井生产初期产量5×104~16×104m3/d,平均10.2×104m3/d,区块日产气量突破300 万方,对加快鄂尔多斯盆地东缘深部煤层气规模上产具有重要指导意义,也为同类资源高效开发建立了参考标准。

Aiming at the development problems of deep coal reservoirs , such as deep burial, low permeability andcomplex stress field, this paper clarifies that resource enrichment conditions, effective fracturing volume, effectivehorizontal section length, and good reservoir conditions are the key factors for high production on the basis ofsummarizing the exploration and development practice of Daning-jixian Block in the past five years. Under theguidance of the theory of "artificial gas reservoir" development, a technical system for the efficient development ofdeep coalbed methane was preliminarily established: (1) According to the reservoir resource conditions, structuralpreservation conditions and engineering fracturing conditions, a total of 11 indicators in three categories, establishthe geological-engineering “dessert” evaluation standards of deep coalbed methane. (2) Based on techniques such as microstructural characterization, multi-scale fracture prediction, and 3D geological model construction, the quantitativeand visual characterization of all elements of "geology + engineering" of deep coal seam was established.(3) Based on the guiding idea of "geological small scale, three-dimensional seismic microscale,drill along the target,less adjustment and fast drilling", a three-stage geological-engineering geosteering technology with excellent designof pre-drilling trajectory, precise target entry and post-target fine-tuning as the core is formed . (4) The optimizationdesign of the five-in-one well network based on "in-situ stress field, natural fracture field, artificial fracture field,well type and orientation, well network and well spacing" realizes the maximization of resource utilization and themaximization of gas field recovery. (5) According to the occurrence characteristics, seepage mechanism and productioncharacteristics of deep coalbed methane, a reasonable production capacity evaluation and EUR predictiontechnology based on rate-transient analysis method, empirical production decline method, numerical simulationmethod, and empirical analogy method is formed; (6) Following to the design principle of "four-in-one" precisionfracturing section and "fracture staggering + differentiation between fracturing segments", a large-scale volumetricfracturing technology aimed at constructing artificial gas reservoirs has been formed. (7) According to the characteristicsof gas-water variation in gas wells, the optimal control technology of drainage and production in differentproduction stages through the whole life cycle of wells is formed. (8) Combined with the current progress of AItechnology, and characteristics of deep coalbed methane development law and gathering and transportation, theintegration of geological, engineering, and ground of gathering transfering and digital intelligence technology wasexplored. Under the guidance of this achievement, 29 horizontal wells that have been put into production ,withinitial productioni of 5×104-16×104m3/d, with an average of 10.2×104m3/d, and the daily gas production of the blockhas exceeded 3 million cubic meters, which has important guiding significance for accelerating the large-scale productionof deep coalbed methane in the eastern margin of the Ordos basin, and also establishes a reference andstandard for the efficient development of similar resources.

1 区域地质及勘探开发概况1.1 地质背景1.2 勘探开发概况2 深部煤层气高效开发主控因素2.1 “人造气藏”开发理论2.2 高产主控因素2.2.1 资源富集条件是气井高产基础2.2.2 有效改造体积是气井高产关键2.2.3 有效水平段长是气井高产前提2.2.4 良好储层条件是气井高产保障3 深部煤层气高效开发技术体系3.1 地质-工程开发甜点优选技术3.1.1平面甜点优选技术3.1.2纵向甜点优选技术3.2 煤储层特征精细刻画技术3.2.1构造解释技术3.2.2储层裂缝预测技术3.2.3三维地质建模技术3.3 地质工程一体化导向技术3.4 井网优化设计技术3.5 产能评价和EUR预测技术3.6 大规模体积压裂优化技术3.7 全生命周期排采优化控制技术3.8 集输与数智化控制技术4. 应用效果4.1 明确气井生产参数4.2 指导先导试验实施4.3 展现良好开发前景5. 结论