地下煤炭资源经过长期高强度开采在地面形成了大面积采煤沉陷区,导致了严重的经济、社会、生态、环境问题。采煤沉陷区的综合治理既是国家重大战略需求,也是矿业城市转型和高质量发展的必由之路,随着城镇化进程加快,沉陷区建筑利用需求日益增加,尤其是矿业城市近郊采煤沉陷区的大型建筑利用,对于采动地层状态与长期演化机理认识、采动地层治理技术研发和科学合理利用模式建立提出了更高要求。科研人员对采煤沉陷区土地建筑利用相关领域开展了理论技术研究,世界各国也开展了采煤沉陷区土地建筑利用工程实践。首先阐述了采煤沉陷区土地建筑利用理论技术体系,然后汇总了与沉陷区土地建筑利用密切相关的采动地层损伤及长期演化规律、建(构)筑物与采动地层相互作用、采动地层治理与抗变形建筑技术和采煤沉陷区土地建筑利用模式4个方面研究进展,并进行了现状分析;笔者介绍了具有代表性的德国鲁尔区、安徽两淮、山东济南和河北唐山的采煤沉陷区土地建筑利用工程实践,说明采煤沉陷区土地建筑利用对矿业城市高质量、可持续发展的必要性和可行性。从采煤沉陷区土地建筑利用基础理论、采煤沉陷区注浆治理与抗变形建筑技术和采煤沉陷区大型建筑利用模式3个方面进行了采煤沉陷区土地建筑利用研究发展方向展望。系统阐述了采煤沉陷区土地建筑利用的理论、技术和工程实践研究现状,为采煤沉陷区土地建筑利用研究提供了方向。

After long  term and intensive mining of underground coal resources,large areas of coal mining subsid⁃ence have been formed on the ground,leading to serious economic,social,ecological,and environmental problems.The comprehensive management of coal mining subsidence areas is not only a major national strategic requirement but also a necessary path for the transformation and high⁃quality development of mining cities.With the acceleration of ur⁃banization,the demand for building utilization in subsidence areas is increasing,especially for the utilization of large buildings in coal mining subsidence areas in the suburbs of mining cities,higher requirements have been put forward for understanding the long⁃term state and evolution mechanism of mining strata,developing mining tratum govern⁃ance technologies and establishing scientific and reasonable utilization models.Scientific researchers have conduc⁃ted theoretical and technological research in the relevant fields of building utilization in coal mining subsidence areas,and countries around the world have also carried out engineering practices for building utilization in coal mining sub⁃sidence areas.First elaborates on the theoretical and technical system of building utilization in coal mining subsidence areas,then summarizes the research progress in four aspects those closely related to building utilization in subsidence areas:mining strata damage and long⁃term evolution laws,the interaction between buildings(structures)and mining strata,mining strata treatment and building deformation resistance technology and building utilization models in coal mining subsidence areas,and conducted an analysis of the current situation.It introduces the construction and uti⁃lization project in the coal mining subsidence area of representative areas such as Ruhr District in Germany,Huaihe River in Anhui,Jinan in Shandong and Tangshan in Hebei Province,demonstrates the necessity and feasibility of building utilization in the coal mining subsidence area for high⁃quality and sustainable development of mining cities.This paper prospects the development trends of building utilization in coal mining subsidence areas from three aspects:basic theory of building utilization in coal mining subsidence areas,scientific management and building utiliza⁃tion technology in coal mining subsidence areas,and large⁃scale building utilization models in coal mining subsidence areas.This paper systematically elaborates on the theoretical,technical,and engineering practice research status of building utilization in coal mining subsidence areas,providing direction reference for the research on building utilization in coal mining subsidence areas.