“煤−水”矛盾已成为制约榆神府矿区煤炭安全高效绿色开采的主要因素。为缓解区内煤炭开采与水资源保护之间矛盾，切实保护水资源和生态环境，以榆神府矿区内典型煤矿为例，研究揭示了煤水赋存特点，构建了采动含水层失水模式，初步探讨了水资源保护整体思路和技术。研究成果表明:榆神府矿区内存在地表水和地下水2大类水资源。地表水以海子、地表径流以及泉的形式赋存，地下水则有萨拉乌苏组潜水、烧变岩水和风化基岩水3种重要类型。按照含水层与导水裂隙带的位置关系，将其分为低位含水层和高位含水层2类。低位含水层失水模式为导通漏失型，高位含水层存在非导通垂向渗失和渗流溢出蒸发散失型2种失水模式，前者发生于高位承压含水层中，后者则主要是高位潜水含水层的失水模式。低位含水层可通过导水裂隙带发育高度控制技术、采后顶板注浆加固技术实现水资源保护，高位含水层可通过人工隔水层再造、离层注浆以及协调开采技术实现水资源保护。对于无法实施原位保护流入采空区的水则可通过地下水库存储、净化循环利用和深部回灌等矿井水综合利用技术处理间接实现水资源保护。

The contradiction between coal and water has become the main factor restricting the safe, efficient and green mining of coal in Yushenfu Mining Area. In order to alleviate the contradiction and effectively protect water resources and ecological environment, a typical coal mine in Yushenfu Mining Area is taken as an example. This research reveals the characteristics of coal water occurrence, establishes the water loss model of mining-influenced aquifer, and preliminarily explores the overall strategy and technology of water resources protection. The study indicates that there are two types of water resources in the Yushenfu Mining Area: surface water and groundwater. The surface water exists in the form of lakes, surface runoff and springs, while groundwater includes the Sa’la Wusu Formation confined water, metamorphic rock water, and weathered bedrock water. Based on the relationship between aquifers and water-conducting fracture zones, two types of aquifers are identified: low-level aquifer and high-level aquifer. The water loss model for low-level aquifers is characterized by leakage through connecting pathways. For high-level aquifers, there are two water loss models: non-conductive vertical seepage and seepage overflow evaporation. The former occurs in high-pressure confined aquifers, while the latter is mainly for high-level phreatic aquifers. For low-level aquifers, protection involves the development of height-controlled technology in water-conducting fracture zones and post-mining roof grouting reinforcement technology. For high-level aquifers, protection measures include the construction of artificial water barriers, separation grouting, and coordinated mining technology. In cases where water cannot be protected in situ and flows into mined-out areas, comprehensive water utilization technologies such as underground water storage, purification, recycling, and deep injection can be employed to indirectly achieve water resource protection in the mining area.