高硫无烟煤燃烧时会产生大量硫氧化物,破坏大气环境,随着环保要求日益严格,需寻求高硫无烟煤由传统燃料向高端材料发展的途径。由于活性炭制备与应用在特定领域尚无技术指标,造成制备目标模糊,活性炭定向制备问题亟需解决。采用晋城地区高硫无烟煤,通过物理活化法制备,并采用磷酸浸渍处理,得到了比表面积1066.42m2/g(AC-1)和1568.79m2/g(AC-2)的2种活性炭。采用FTIR、XPS、SEM等方法进行表征。结果表明,AC-1的最几可孔径为1.688nm,AC-2的最几可孔径为0.718nm,前者具有更发达的介孔结构。以Cu2+为吸附质研究2种活性炭的吸附性能。结果表明,AC-1的吸附性能显著优于AC-2,吸附行为由孔径分布和表面官能团含量2个因素共同决定。最佳吸附条件为pH=4,温度35℃,活性炭投加量0.30g,吸附时间2h。动力学研究表明2种活性炭对Cu2+的吸附过程均由化学吸附而不是颗粒内扩散控制。吸附等温线拟合结果表明Langmuir等温模型不适用于AC-2,这可能与其以物理吸附为主导有关。本研究讨论活性炭孔隙分布和表面官能团含量对其吸附性能的影响,为高硫无烟煤定向制备具有良好水相重金属离子去除能力的活性炭提供指导。

high-sulfur anthracite generates a large amount of sulfur oxides during combustion, causing serious damage to the atmosphericenvironment. It is necessary to seek a path for its development from traditional fuel to high-end materials with increasingly strict environmental requirements. Due to the lack of technical indicators for the preparation and application of activated carbon in specific fields, thepreparation goals are unclear, and the targeted preparation of activated carbon is an urgent issue to be addressed. In this study, two typesof activated carbon with specific surface areas of 1 066.42 m2 / g (AC-1)and 1 568.79 m2 / g (AC-2)were obtained by using high-sulfursmokeless coal from Jincheng area, prepared by physical activation and phosphoric acid impregnation. Characterization was performedusing FTIR, XPS, SEM, and other methods. The results show that the mesopore volume of AC-1 is 1.688 nm, while that of AC-2 is0.718 nm, indicating that the former has a more developed mesoporous structure. The adsorption performance of two activated carbonsusing Cu2+ as the adsorbate was studied. The results indicate that the adsorption performance of AC-1 is significantly superior to that ofAC-2, and the adsorption behavior is jointly determined by pore size distribution and surface functional group content. The optimal adsorption conditions are found to be pH= 4, temperature at 35 ℃ , activated carbon dosage of 0.30 g, and adsorption time of 2 hours. Kineticstudies reveal that the adsorption process of both activated carbons for Cu2+ is chemisorption rather than intraparticle diffusion-controlled.The fitting results of the adsorption isotherms indicate that the Langmuir isotherm model is not applicable to AC-2, possibly due to its predominance of physical adsorption. In this study, the influence of pore distribution and surface functional group content on the adsorptionperformance was discussed, providing guidance for the targeted preparation of activated carbon with good water-phase heavy metal ion removal capability from high-sulfur smokeless coal.

0 引言

1 试验

   1.1 试验样品

   1.2 柱状活性炭制备方法

   1.3 柱状活性炭表征方法

   1.4 Cu2+吸附性能检测

   1.5 吸附过程分析

2 结果与讨论

   2.1 活性炭物理性质

   2.2 活性炭表面化学性质

   2.3 Cu2+吸附规律与影响机制

   2.4 活性炭吸附性能评价

3 结论