为了推动超声振动致裂煤岩体技术的发展，提高矿山煤层气增产及硬岩掘进的效率，回顾了超声波技术的发展历程，综述了超声振动在致裂煤岩体方面的应用现状与研究进展，明确了超声振动在煤岩致裂领域存在的关键阻碍性技术难题及发展趋势。① 总结了传统技术在矿山煤层气增产和硬岩掘进领域存在的技术问题，介绍了超声波技术的独特优势及应用领域，阐述了超声波发生器和超声波换能器的发展阶段及相应性能；② 归结了超声振动煤层气促解増渗装置及流程，分析了超声振动煤层气促解增产现状，阐明了超声空化效应、机械振动效应、热效应作用下煤层气降压、加速、位能及动能增加进而促进其解吸増渗的机制；③ 归纳了超声振动破岩装置及流程，阐述了超声振动破碎硬岩的进展，揭示了超声振动产生的机械振动效应与热效应作用下疲劳损伤、微裂纹亚临界扩展、矿物颗粒不均匀热膨胀或矿物相变、岩石物理力学特性劣化导致硬岩破碎的内在机理；④ 针对超声波发生器、换能器及超声振动在矿山致裂煤岩体中的局限度，对未来超声振动致裂煤岩体在现场高效应用的研究重点提出了4点建议：高性能防爆型超声波发生器和换能器的研发，超声振动促解増渗机理的深入分析及管线技术框架设计，多功能及多场耦合室内超声振动致裂煤岩体设备研制与试验，井下抗干扰超声振动设备的研发应用。

In order to promote the technological development of ultrasonic vibration induced cracking of coal and rock masses, improving the efficiency of coalbed methane production and hard rock excavation in mines, it reviews the development history of ultrasonic technology, summarizing the application status and research progress of ultrasonic vibration in fracturing coal and rock mass, and the key obstructive technology problems and development trends of ultrasonic vibration in the field of coal and rock fracturing are clarified. ① The technical problems of traditional technologies in the fields of coal seam methane production and hard rock excavation in mines is summarized, introducing unique advantages and application fields of ultrasonic technology, besides the development stages and corresponding performances of ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic transducer are described; ② The equipment and process of ultrasonic vibration to promote coalbed methane desorption and permeability increase are induced, analyzing the current situation of promoting permeability increase of coalbed methane by ultrasonic vibration, and the mechanism of pressure reduction, acceleration, potential energy and kinetic energy increase of coalbed methane under ultrasonic cavitation effect, mechanical vibration effect and thermal effect to promote its desorption and permeability increase is expounded; ③ The equipment and process of ultrasonic vibration rock fragmentation are generalized, describing the progress of ultrasonic vibration crushing of hard rock, and it reveals the internal mechanism of hard rock breaking caused by mechanical vibration effect and thermal effect of ultrasonic vibration, such as fatigue damage, subcritical propagation of microcracks, uneven thermal expansion or mineral phase transformation of mineral particles, and deterioration of rock physical and mechanical properties; ④ In view of limitations of ultrasonic generator, transducer and ultrasonic vibration in coal and rock mass fracturing in mines, four suggestions are put forward for the research focus on the efficient application of ultrasonic vibration induced fracturing of coal and rock masses in the field in the future: research and development of high-performance explosion-proof ultrasonic generator and transducer, in-depth analysis of the mechanism of increasing permeability by ultrasonic vibration and design of pipeline technology framework, development and test of multi-function and multi-field coupling indoor ultrasonic vibration cracking coal and rock mass equipment, research and application of anti-interference ultrasonic vibration equipment in underground mines.