高潜水位矿区井工开采往往造成地表大面积沉陷积水，矿区生态环境发生变化，沉陷区国土资源由以土地资源为主转变为水资源为主、水土资源共存的局面。目前，采煤沉陷区水资源开发利用不充分，可再生能源开发、多能互补利用和废弃矿井抽水蓄能等方面具有得天独厚的条件和巨大发展潜力，采煤沉陷区国土空间功能也需结合现有条件重新定位与建构。在此背景下，提出高潜水位采煤沉陷区资源化、能源化和功能化利用构想。系统阐述了“三化”面临的科学问题，如采煤沉陷水域水资源量和水生态环境演变规律、地表残余变形规律；“三化”涉及的关键技术与模式，包括监测与评价技术，如“天−空−地−水−井”一体化协同监测技术体系、采煤沉陷区水生态环境调查评价方法、采煤沉陷区建设场地地基稳定性评价方法，以及治理利用技术及模式，如采煤沉陷区水生态环境修复技术模式、采煤沉陷区水资源保持与高效利用技术模式、水资源区域协调开发与高效利用技术模式、风光互补模式、制氢−合成氨−掺氨燃烧发电模式、废弃矿井抽水蓄能模式、农业用地功能构建(复垦地土壤重构)技术、建设用地功能构建(采空区注浆地基加固)技术、生态用地功能构建(地表水系重构与生态湿地建设)技术；并从产业融合、资金筹集、科技创新、区域统筹等方面提出了具体的政策建议。

Underground coal mining often leads to surface subsidence and water accumulation, changes in the ecological environment, as well as in the spatial pattern of land and water resources, in high groundwater level mining areas. At present, in coal mining subsidence areas, the utilization of water resources is insufficient, and the potential for development in renewable energy, multi energy complementarity, and pumped storage in abandoned mine is huge. The spatial functions of coal mining subsidence areas need to be reconstructed. Under this background, the concept of resource utilization, energization and functionalization was proposed. The relevant scientific issues and key technologies were systematically elaborated. The former comprises the evolution laws of water resources and water ecological environment as well as the residual deformation laws of the surface in coal mining subsidence areas. The latter includes the technology of monitoring and evaluation together with the technology of treatment and utilization. And specific policy recommendations were proposed from aspects such as industrial integration, fund raising, regional coordination, and technological innovation.