针对传统矿用水泥基堵漏材料存在的收缩开裂、高能耗及高碳排放的问题，探索采用海藻酸钠(SA)交联金属离子，制备SA改性垃圾焚烧底灰(MSWI-BA)−粒化高炉矿渣(GBFS)基胶凝堵漏材料(SWM)。通过抗压强度和凝结时间的测试，确定了最佳水固比为0.4。通过胶凝材料在不同温度下的抗压强度、收缩率及裂缝形貌的分析，探究了SA改性对胶凝材料的耐高温性能的影响，结果表明SA改性后，胶凝材料的耐高温性得到了改善，受热后改性胶凝材料表面裂缝明显减少，收缩率较改性前最大降低了26.5%，在400 ℃受热后，剩余抗压强度仍高达17.25 MPa。结合微观形貌、孔结构性能和热分析实验，探究了SA改性胶凝材料的形成机理，结果表明，SA改性MSWI-BA-GBFS基胶凝堵漏材料通过SA与底物中的Ca²⁺/Al³⁺的配位交联与碱激发底物形成的硅铝酸盐共价网络协同作用，细化孔径，减小孔容，在受热后保持基体结构的完整性，从而改善胶凝材料的抗收缩开裂性。堵漏风模拟实验结果表明，水固比0.4的SA改性MSWI-BA-GBFS基胶凝堵漏材料的堵漏性能优于矿用水泥基材料，表现出较好的堵漏性能。SA改性MSWI-BA-GBFS基胶凝堵漏材料的研制不仅为城市垃圾焚烧底灰的资源化利用提供了有效途径，还提供了一种抗压强度高、抗收缩开裂且耐高温的可以完全替代传统矿用水泥基堵漏材料的环保防灭火材料。

To address the issues of shrinkage cracking, high energy consumption and high carbon emission of traditional cement-based sealing materials, the authors investigated the use of sodium alginate (SA) crosslinking metal ions to prepare SA modified alkali activated waste incineration base ash (MSWI-BA) -granulation blast furnace slag (GBFS) based gaging plugging material (SWM). The optimal water-solid ratio was determined by evaluating compressive strength and setting time to be 0.4. The influence of SA modification on the high temperature resistance of the gelling material was investigated by analyzing the compressive strength, shrinkage rate, and fracture morphology of the gelling material at different temperatures. The results showed that after SA modification, the high temperature resistance improved, the surface cracks on the modified cementable material were significantly reduced after heating, and the shrinkage rate was reduced by 26.5% compared to that before modification. The residual compressive strength is still as high as 17.25 MPa after heating at 400 ℃. Combined with microscopic morphology, pore structure properties, and thermal analysis experiments, the generation mechanism of SA modified gelling material was examined. The results revealed that the SA modified MSWI-BA-GBFS based gelling material refines pore size and reduces pore volume via coordination crosslinking of SA and Ca²⁺/Al³⁺ and the synergistic effect of the silico-aluminate covalent network, thus maintaining the matrix structure's integrity after heating, improving cracking properties. The simulation findings suggest that the leakage plugging performance of SA modified MSWI-BA-GBFS based gelling material with water solid ratio 0.4 is superior to that of mining cement-based material, demonstrating a better leakage plugging performance. The development of SA modified MSWI-BA-GBFS based gelling plugging material not only provides an effective way for the resource utilization of municipal waste incineration bottom ash, but also provides a type of environmental protection fire-fighting material with high compressive strength, anti-shrinkage cracking, and high temperature resistance, which can completely replace the traditional mine cement based plugging material.