开发与应用CO2捕集-加氢转化一体化技术是应对当前全球气候变化危机、实现“双碳”目标的重要途径之一。其中具有吸附和催化组分的双功能材料研发与优化是技术核心。系统总结了国内外主要科研机构对应用于CO2捕集原位甲烷化和原位逆水煤气变换这2类主要CO2捕集-加氢转化一体化技术双功能材料的主要工作,包括合成方法、吸附性能、反应动力学、促进机理、失活机理和应用模式等方面,并详细介绍了国内外主要科研机构在CO2捕集-加氢转化一体化方面取得的最新进展。DFM是兼具催化和吸附组分的复合材料,在催化组分选择上,贵金属催化剂虽然活性高,但成本昂贵,Ni基催化剂成本较低,但还原性较差、在含氧气氛下易失活;在吸附组分选择上,金属氧化物(如CaO、MgO)和碱金属碳酸盐(如Na2CO3、K2CO3)是具有潜力的吸附组分,特别是MgO和CaO因其理论吸附量高而被视为最有前景的吸附组分,尽管面临实际吸附量不理想和循环稳定性差的挑战。目前研究主要通过碱金属熔盐掺杂提升MgO实际吸附量,通过掺杂金属助剂(如La、Co、Fe等)提高CaO吸附剂的循环性能和抗烧结能力。动力学研究表明反应速率高度依赖于H2分压,通过调节吸附和催化的时间可提高CH4平均产量。ICCU技术展现出广阔的应用前景,尤其是在钢铁、能源、化工等关键领域。然而,全面评估技术的环境影响,特别是从生命周期评估(LCA)角度,对于全面理解ICCU技术的环境可持续性及其在碳减排中的贡献至关重要。未来,通过持续研究和技术创新,解决现有挑战,ICCU技术有望在工业化应用中取得显著成果,为全球碳减排做出重要贡献。

Developing and applying integrated CO2 capture-hydrogen conversion technology is a key strategy for coping with climate changeand achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. Dual functional materials with adsorption and catalytic components are the core technology. In this paper, the main work of the principal national and international research institutions were summarized systematically onsynthetic methods, adsorption properties, reaction kinetics, promotion mechanisms, deactivation mechanisms, and applications of dualfunctional materials for CO2 capture using in-situ methanation and in-situ reverse water gas shift technologies. An overview of the principal national and international research institutions′latest progress on CO2 capture-hydrogenation conversion was provided. DFMs are composites with both catalytic and adsorption components. In the selection of catalytic components, noble metal catalysts are highly active butexpensive, while Ni-based catalysts are less costly but less reducible and prone to deactivation in oxygen-containing atmospheres. In theselection of adsorption components, metal oxides (e.g., CaO, MgO) and alkali metal carbonates (e.g., Na2CO3, K2CO3) are the mostpromising adsorption components due to their high theoretical adsorption capacity, especially MgO and CaO, although they face the challenges of poor actual adsorption capacity and poor cyclic stability. Current studies have focused on enhancing the actual adsorption capacityof MgO by doping with alkali metal molten salts, and improving the cycling performance and sintering resistance of CaO adsorbents by doping with metal additives (e.g., La, Co, Fe, etc.). Kinetic studies have shown that the reaction rate is highly dependent on the H2 partialpressure and that the average CH4 yield can be increased by adjusting the timing of adsorption and catalysis. ICCU technology shows promising applications, especially in key areas such as iron and steel, energy, and chemicals. However, a comprehensive assessment of the environmental impact of the technology, especially from a life cycle assessment (LCA) perspective, is essential for a full understanding ofthe environmental sustainability of ICCU technology and its contribution to carbon reduction. In the future, through continuous researchand technological innovation to solve the existing challenges, ICCU technology is expected to achieve significant results in industrializedapplications and make important contributions to global carbon emission reduction.