为解决上覆不规则煤柱孤岛工作面冲击地压防治问题，分析了国内该条件下导致冲击地压的研究现状；以唐山矿Y484工作面为研究对象，分析得出以上覆不规则煤柱、大埋深、本层煤柱和煤岩层结构为主的上覆不规则孤岛工作面冲击地压的主控因素；提出了通过制造弱结构调控冲击地压主控因素的防冲方法，描述了弱结构的特征及其通过调整应力分布防治冲击地压的原理；采用FLAC3D建立数值模型，分析了上覆不规则煤柱孤岛工作面的变形破坏过程及应力分布规律，使用弹塑性本构模型模拟弱结构，验证了弱结构对冲击地压的防控作用。通过现场工程实践，建立并实施了以弱结构为主的冲击地压防治技术，并通过应力法和钻屑法验证了弱结构对该条件下的冲击地压具有良好的防控效果。

In order to prevent rock burst occurrence and control overlying irregular coal pillar of island working face, the relavant research progress of rock burst caused in China was reviewed.Taking Y484 working face of Tangshan Mine as the research object, the main controlling factors of rock burst in the overlying irregular island working face, which were mainly characterized by irregular coal pillar, large buried depth, local coal pillar and coal rock stratum structure, were analyzed.A method of preventing rock burst by making a weak structure was developed.The characteristics of the weak structure and the principle of preventing rock burst by adjusting stress distribution were described.A numerical model was established employing FLAC3D to analyze the deformation and failure process and stress distribution law of the working face of the overlying irregular coal pillar island and the weak structure was simulated by elastic-plastic constitutive model to verify the prevention and control effect of the weak structure on rock burst.Finally, through the field application, the technology of rock burst control based on weak structure was established and implemented.The stress and drilling cuttings methods were used to verify that the weak structure has a positive impact on the rock burst control under the given condition.