我国是世界上受煤矿“三废”(固、液、气)环境污染非常严重的国家，在“三废”利用处理上开展了大量深入的研究和实践，但依然存在标准规范不完善、处理规模小和技术不健全等诸多问题。为了解决我国煤矿大规模“三废”低成本地质封存与生态环境协同发展问题，在国外关于地质封存定义的基础上，对我国地质封存的内涵进行了扩展；分析了“三废”地质封存研究进展和现状；梳理了国内外“三废”地质封存相关文献和专利发表情况；提出了我国开展“三废”地质封存面临的问题和进一步发展的建议；指出了我国“三废”地质封存面临的主要问题是环境领域的标准规范不健全，尤其是废液深井灌注方面的标准广泛缺失。通过系统研究表明：国内研究机构对“三废”地质封存领域的研究日益重视，研究成果在国际上占比较高；我国煤矿“三废”地质封存及生态环境协同发展意识和体系正在形成，但针对大规模“三废”地质封存、煤矿开采全周期“三废”地质封存循环系统、CO₂捕集利用封存(CCUS)技术与生态环境之间的协同发展关系方面的研究成果支撑不足，严重制约地质封存的理念、技术和工程的大规模实施应用。我国应尽快加强煤矿“三废”地质封存技术与生态环境协同发展方面的科技研发，通过建立完善标准规范、加大技术研发和加强环境监管等措施，推动我国煤矿绿色和可持续发展，助力我国“双碳”目标尽早实现。

China is a country in the world with the serious environmental pollution of coal mine “three wastes” (solid, liquid, gas). A lot of in-depth research and practice has been carried out on the utilization and treatment of “three wastes”. However, there are still many problems such as imperfect standards and norms, small scale of treatment and unsound technology. In order to solve the problem of synergistic development of low-cost geological storage of large-scale “three wastes” and ecological environment in China’s coal mines, on the basis of the definition of geological storage in other countries, the connotation of geological storage in China has been expanded. The progress and current status of research on the geological storage of “three wastes” are analyzed. Literature and patents related to the geological storage of “three wastes” at home and abroad are reviewed. The problems faced by China in carrying out the geological storage of “three wastes” and the suggestions for further development are put forward. It is pointed out that the main problem faced by the geological storage of “three wastes” in China is the inadequacy of the standards and regulations in the field of environment, especially the extensive lack of standards for the deep-well injection of waste liquids. The systematic research has shown that the research institutions in China are paying increasing attention to research in the field of the geological storage of the “three wastes”, and that the results of the research account for a high percentage of research in the world. China’s coal mine “three wastes” geological storage and ecological environment synergistic development awareness and system is being formed. However, there is insufficient support for research on the large-scale geological storage of “three wastes”, the cyclic system of geological storage of “three wastes” in the whole cycle of coal mining, and the synergistic relationship between CO₂ capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology and the ecological environment. This seriously restricts the large-scale implementation and application of the concepts, technologies and projects of geological storage. China should expeditiously strengthen the scientific and technological research and development of coal mine “three wastes” geological storage technology and ecological environment synergistic development. Through the establishment of improved standards and norms, increased technological research and development, and strengthened environmental supervision and other measures, the green and sustainable development in China’s coal mines is promoted, helping the China’s “dual-carbon” goal to be realized.