为解决西部采煤区固废多、处理难的问题，以宁东矿区的脱硫石膏、粉煤灰、水泥为主要原料，对原料的微观形态及少水配比的煤基固废膏体充填材料的成分进行分析，以初期流动性、脱模后7 d和28 d的抗压强度为指标进行充填材料配比优化。设计了3因素3水平17组配比方案，建立响应面回归模型，分析单因素及多因素交互作用对少水充填材料强度和流动性的影响。研究结果表明，粉煤灰与水泥质量比是影响少水充填材料强度的重要因素，料浆质量分数是影响少水充填材料流动性的重要因素。少水配比的煤基固废膏体充填材料的最优配合比：脱硫石膏质量分数53%，粉煤灰与水泥质量比2∶1，料浆质量分数74%。波速与强度的响应关系表明，可以利用充填体的波速来预测其强度。

To explore the solution to the problems of water shortage and multi-solid waste treatment in the western coal mining area, the desulfurization gypsum, fly ash and cement in Ningdong mining area were selected as the main raw materials. The micro-morphology of the raw materials and the composition after less water ratio were analyzed. The initial fluidity and the strength of 7 d and 28 d after demoulding were used as indicators to optimize the ratio. The scheme of 3 factors 3 levels and 17 combinations was designed. A response surface regression model was established to analyze the effects of single factor and multi-factor interaction on the strength and fluidity of low-water filling materials. The results show that the mass ratio of fly ash to cement is an important factor affecting the strength. The mass fraction of slurry is an important factor affecting the fluidity. The optimal mix ratio is desulfurization gypsum mass fraction 53%, fly ash and cement mass ratio 2∶1, slurry mass fraction 74%. The relationship between wave velocity and strength shows that the wave velocity of the filling body could be used to predict the strength.