风化煤热值低、利用方式单一且污染环境，为拓宽风化煤的利用途径，实现资源利用和环境保护，对风化煤进行暗发酵制取生物氢气。选取山西晋城和太原、内蒙古乌海三个矿区的自然风化煤，以煤层矿井水作为菌种来源，通过生物产氢试验、GC-MS、三维荧光和宏基因组学等测试手段揭示风化煤生物制氢可行性及关键代谢产物和途径。结果表明：不同矿区风化煤可以被转化为生物氢气，其中乌海风化煤产氢量最大（10.26 mL/g），远高于晋城风化煤产氢量（5.22 mL/g）。风化煤产氢系统偏酸性环境，pH和COD质量浓度具有一定的规律性变化，随着发酵的进行部分有机物得到利用产生乙酸和氢气。风化煤产氢过程中液相有机物主要以酸类（乙酸、丙酸、正戊酸和丁酸）和醇类（2,3-丁二醇，糖醇和（S）-1,2-丙二醇）为主,可溶性有机质以腐殖酸和色氨酸蛋白类有机质为主，且随着发酵的进行，多种有机质被消耗利用。风化煤制氢过程中微生物主要以Pseudomonadota门和Citrobacter属为主，且主要通过分解和利用有机酸（乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、乳酸）产生氢气。风化煤制氢过程中，乙酸代谢途径以糖酵解途径为主，有机质被细菌分解生成丙酮酸后再被产氢细菌利用，其中丙氨酸激酶和醛酮酸脱氢酶在细胞代谢生成氢气过程中发挥着重要作用。研究结果揭示了风化煤产氢的潜力机制，为风化煤有效利用提供了理论参考。

Weathered coal has low calorific value, single utilization mode and environmental pollution. In order to broaden the utilization way of weathered coal, realize resource utilization and environmental protection, dark fermentation of weathered coal was carried out to produce biological hydrogen. Naturally weathered coals from three mining areas of Jincheng and Taiyuan in Shanxi Province and Wuhai in Inner Mongolia were selected, and the coal seam mine water was used as the source of bacteria. The feasibility of biological hydrogen production from weathered coal and the key metabolites and pathways were revealed by means of biological hydrogen production test, GC-MS, three-dimensional fluorescence and metagenomics. The results show that weathered coal in different mining areas can be converted into bio-hydrogen, and the hydrogen production of Wuhai weathered coal is the largest (10.26 mL/g), which is much higher than that of Jincheng weathered coal (5.22 mL/g). The hydrogen production system of weathered coal is in an acidic environment, and pH and COD mass concentration have certain regular changes. In the process of hydrogen production from weathered coal, the liquid organic matter is mainly composed of acids (acetic acid, propionic acid, valeric acid and butyric acid) and alcohols (2,3-butanediol, sugar alcohol and (S)-1,2-propanediol). The soluble organic matter is mainly composed of humic acid and tryptophan protein organic matter, and with the progress of fermentation, a variety of organic matter is consumed and utilized. In the process of hydrogen production from weathered coal, microorganisms are mainly dominated by Pseudomonadota and Citrobacter, and hydrogen is mainly produced by decomposing and utilizing organic acids (acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, lactic acid). In the process of hydrogen production from weathered coal, the acetic acid metabolic pathway is dominated by the glycolysis pathway. The organic matter is decomposed by bacteria to produce pyruvate and then used by hydrogen-producing bacteria. Among them, alanine kinase and aldehyde ketone dehydrogenase play an important role in the process of cell metabolism to produce hydrogen. The research results reveal the potential mechanism of hydrogen production from weathered coal and provide a theoretical reference for the effective utilization of weathered coal.