煤田自燃造成煤炭资源浪费、环境污染、人员伤亡、经济损失等问题。为了进一步推进对煤田自燃过程中对环境问题的关注，通过文献综述和野外地质调查等手段分析了煤田自燃过程对环境的影响，对比分析了温室气体的评估方法，介绍了有毒有害气体（SO_x、NO_x、有机物、Hg、HF）和气溶胶对火区及周边环境的影响，分析了煤火对土地资源及地表植被的破坏情况，探讨了煤自燃对水质的影响；从地质角度分析了煤火导致的地质灾害和烧变岩诱发的地质条件的变化。结合煤炭安全绿色智能化开采和清洁高效低碳集约化利用为主的发展趋势，对温室气体和有毒有害气体的排放量、土壤和水体污染物评价指标、地质灾害的预测和预报机制及烧变岩的特征节约水资源提出了工作展望。

Coalfield spontaneous combustion causes problems such as wastage of coal resources, environmental pollution, casualties, and economic losses. In order to further promote attention to environmental issues during the process of coalfield spontaneous combustion, this paper analyzes the impact of coalfield spontaneous combustion on the environment through literature review and field geological investigation, compares and analyzes greenhouse gas assessment methods, introduces the effects of toxic and harmful gases (SO_x, NO_x, organic matter, Hg, HF) and aerosols on fire areas and surrounding environment, analyzes the damage caused by coal fires to land resources and surface vegetation, explores the impact of coal self-ignition on water quality, and analyzes from a geological perspective the geological disasters caused by coal fires and changes in geological conditions induced by burnt rocks. Combining with the development trend of safe, green, intelligent mining of coal and clean, efficient, low-carbon intensive utilization, the next step is to propose work prospects for reducing greenhouse gas and toxic and harmful gas emissions, evaluating soil and water pollutants, predicting and forecasting geological disasters, and characterizing burnt rocks to save water resources.