近年来，随着我国露天煤矿开采规模的不断扩大，露天矿区边坡的稳定性与安全性愈发受到关注。位于陈旗煤田的宝日希勒露天煤矿边坡具有岩石强度低、地层倾角小且含有软弱夹层等特点，在降雨条件下易发生严重的滑移破坏。为探究此类边坡在降雨条件下的破坏机理及NPR锚索支护体系对此类边坡的控制效果，利用模型试验与数值模拟进行研究。结果表明：① 由现场破坏特征与模型试验结果可知，边坡破坏模式为降雨作用下弱层带发生破坏而造成边坡发生剪切—滑移，降雨入渗是诱发边坡发生破坏的主要因素，破坏分为初始变形、弱层破坏与整体破坏3个阶段，且由位移监测结果可知坡体裂缝最宽可达35 mm，说明边坡滑移破坏明显；② 由数值模拟分析可知，在降雨条件下边坡变形量显著增加，在无锚固措施下其最大变形量可达40 cm。同时，在越靠近煤层位置，边坡剪切破坏塑性区的面积越大，在岩体沿软弱层滑移后，滑坡体出现大面积剪切破坏，这验证了边坡剪出滑移破坏的变形形式；③ 对比分析NPR锚索加固方案与PR锚索加固方案可知，NPR锚索的支护效果远优于PR锚索，NPR锚索支护下边坡最大位移减少17.6 cm，而PR锚索支护下边坡最大位移仅减少10.3 cm，且NPR锚索加固下边坡塑性破坏区基本消失，而PR锚索加固下边坡塑性破坏区仍存在且向坡体深处扩展，边坡存在滑坡隐患。研究探明了降雨条件下近水平弱层边坡的破坏机理，提出NPR锚索加固方案并验证其可行性，为相关边坡工程提供一定参考依据。

In recent years, with the continuous scale expansion of surface coal mining in China, the stability and safety of slopes in surface mining areas have received more and more attention. The slopes of the Baozhixil surface coal mine located in the Chenqi coal field are characterised by low rock strength, small inclination of strata and weak interlayers, which are prone to serious sliding damage under rainfall conditions. In order to investigate the damage mechanism of such slopes under rainfall conditions and the control effect of the NPR anchor cable support system on such slopes, model experiments and numerical simulations were used. The results show that: ① from the field damage characteristics and model test results, it can be seen that the slope damage mode is the slope shear-slip caused by weak layer belt damage under the action of rainfall. The rainfall infiltration is the main factor inducing the destruction of the slope. The damage is divided into three phases: the initial deformation, the destruction of weak layer and the overall destruction. From the results of displacement monitoring, it can be seen that the slope cracks can be up to 35 mm wide, indicating that the slope slippage damage. ② From the numerical simulation analysis, it can be seen that the slope deformation increases significantly under rainfall conditions, and the maximum deformation can be up to 40 cm without anchoring measures. At the same time, the closer to the coal seam position, the larger the area of the plastic zone of slope shear damage, and the landslide body appears to have a large area of shear damage after sliding along the weak layer of the rock body, which verifies the deformation form of slope shear-slip damage. ③ From the comparative analysis of the NPR anchor cable reinforcement scheme and the PR anchor cable reinforcement scheme, it can be seen that the supporting effect of the NPR anchor cable is much better than that of the PR anchor cable, the maximum displacement of the slope under the NPR anchor cable support is reduced by 17.6 cm, while the maximum displacement of the slope under the PR anchor cable support is reduced by only 10.3 cm. The plastic damage zone under the NPR anchor reinforcement basically disappears, while the plastic damage zone under the PR anchor reinforcement still exists and extends to the depth of the slope, and the slope has the potential of landslide. The study investigated the damage mechanism of the near-level weak layer slope under rainfall conditions, proposed the NPR anchor reinforcement scheme and verified its feasibility, which provides a certain reference basis for related slope projects.