在百年未有之大变局加速演变国际大背景下，我国能源行业面临“双碳”战略目标实现与能源资源稳定供给的双重挑战，向地球深部进军成为我国能源资源开发的必由之路。系统梳理了地质勘测、智能开采、灾害预警、生态修复等领域的技术发展现状，分析了现有技术针对深部资源开发的适用性。基于现有技术现状及深部矿产资源原位贮存及采动特性，提炼出了深部矿井建设运营全过程面临的关键理论及技术问题，进一步指出了实现深部煤炭资源安全高效开采未来的技术攻关方向。通过分析数字孪生、人工智能、大算力模型等新兴技术的发展趋势，明确了地质透明化、智能开采工艺、灾害预警体系、生态环境修复等重要领域的技术突破路径，构建了深部资源安全−高效−智能−绿色开采的可行技术发展战略。未来，通过逐步在跨尺度地质体演化动态表征、非线性煤岩多相多场耦合致灾机理研究、耐高温高压多功能材料与新型勘探开采装备研发、泛适应性无人开采工艺构建、地质生态高效绿色精准修复、矿区建设−生产−修复区域智能决策大模型孕训等方向形成突破，奠定深部矿产资源稳定、高效、智能、绿色开采的基础技术保障，深部资源开采必将实现少人/无人开采及全网络分布式智能调控开采，为国家能源安全战略保障提供核心支撑。

Under the international background of the unprecedented great change and accelerated evolution in a century, China’s energy industry is facing the dual challenges of the realization of the “double carbon” strategic goal and the stable supply of energy resources. Marching into the deep part of the earth has become the only way for China’s energy resources development. This paper systematically reviews the technical development status of geological survey, intelligent mining, disaster warning, ecological restoration and other fields, and analyzes the applicability of existing technologies for the development of deep mineral resources. Based on the existing technology status and the in-situ storage and mining characteristics of deep mineral resources, this paper extracts the key theoretical and technical problems faced by the whole process of construction and operation of kilometer deep mine, and further points out the future technical research direction to realize the safe and efficient mining of deep coal resources. By analyzing the development trend of emerging technologies such as digital twin, artificial intelligence, and large computing power model, the technology breakthrough paths in important fields such as geological transparency, intelligent mining technology, disaster early warning system, and ecological environment restoration were identified, and a feasible technological development strategy for safe, efficient, intelligent, and green mining of deep mineral resources was constructed. In the future, by gradually making breakthroughs in the dynamic characterization of cross-scale geological body evolution, research on nonlinear coal-rock multiphase and multifield coupling disaster mechanism, research and development of multi-functional materials resistant to high temperature and high pressure and new exploration and mining equipment, construction of pan-adaptive unmanned mining craft, efficient green and accurate restoration of geological ecology, and intelligent decision-making model of mining area construction-production-restoration, the basic technical support for stable, efficient, intelligent and green mining of kilometer deep well resources will be established. The mining of kilometer deep well resources will surely realize less/unmanned mining and full network distributed intelligent control mining, providing core support for the national energy security strategy.