在过去的半个多世纪里,高碳资源主要作为能源使用。虽然有力促进了人类社会繁荣发展,但也给地球环境带来了严重的破坏,特别是高碳资源的燃烧会释放大量的温室气体,严重威胁人类可持续发展。从全球高碳资源发展和利用过程来看,推动高碳资源的低碳化利用是未来发展的必然趋势,也是解决气候变暖和生态破坏等重大环境问题的必由之路。为此,系统阐述了高碳资源的发展历程及其面临的问题,分析了实现高碳资源低碳化利用的必要性,并探讨了煤炭、石油和天然气等高碳资源低碳化利用的具体途径。结论认为:①在短期内,可通过优化能源结构、提高资源利用效率以及推广碳捕集、利用与封存(CCUS)技术等措施,逐步降低高碳资源的碳排放强度,实现其从源头、过程到终端全过程的低碳、清洁和高效利用;②在长期内,充分利用高碳资源的原料属性,通过不断优化与创新利用技术,推动高碳资源的精细化与高值化利用,以生产化学品的方式有效减少碳排放,为实现可持续发展和长期碳中和目标奠定基础。③展望未来,随着可再生资源的快速发展,高碳资源与可再生资源进一步融合,将成为应对全球能源转型和碳减排挑战的重要路径。

High-carbon resources have primarily been used as energy sources for over half a century. Although it has greatly promoted theprosperity and development of human society,it has also caused serious damage to the Earth's environment,especially the burning of highcarbon resources that releases a large amount of greenhouse gases,posing a serious threat to sustainable human development. From theperspective of global development and utilization of high carbon resources,promoting low-carbon utilization of high carbon resources isan inevitable trend for future development and a necessary way to solve major environmental problems such as climate change andecological damage. Therefore,systematically elaborates on the development process of high carbon resources and the problems they face,analyzes the necessity of achieving low-carbon utilization of high carbon resources,and explores specific ways of low-carbon utilization ofhigh carbon resources such as coal,oil,and natural gas. The conclusion is that:① In the short term,measures such as optimizing theenergy structure,improving resource utilization efficiency,and promoting carbon capture,utilization,and storage (CCUS) technologycan be taken to gradually reduce the carbon emission intensity of high carbon resources,achieving low-carbon,clean,and efficientutilization throughout the entire process from source to end. ② In the long run,fully utilizing the raw material properties of high carbonresources. By continuously optimizing and innovating the use of technology,promoting the refinement and high-value utilization of highcarbon resources. Effectively reducing carbon emissions through the production of chemicals lays the foundation for achieving sustainable development and long-term carbon neutrality goals. ③ Looking ahead to the future,with the rapid development of renewable resources.Further integrating high carbon resources with renewable resources will become an important path to address the challenges of globalenergy transition and carbon reduction.