基于放顶煤开采模拟试验,探讨了提高顶煤回收率方法,提出了在顶煤中埋设标志点法计算顶煤回收率,采用对比称重法和标志点法计算顶煤回收率的差异来计算出顶煤回收率,研制了顶煤跟踪仪并完善了顶煤回收率现场测定方法。应用顶煤跟踪仪对6个不同条件放顶煤工作面顶煤回收率进行了现场测定,结果表明:研制的顶煤运移跟踪仪可以进行放顶煤回收率的现场测定,能够适合现场复杂条件应用。煤体硬度和裂隙发育程度、顶煤中的夹矸是影响顶煤回收率的主要因素,相对而言,顶煤厚度和煤层倾角对顶煤回收率的影响较小。模拟试验和现场观测均表明,中下部层位的顶煤回收率较高,上部顶煤的回收率较低,靠近支架的最下部顶煤的回收率也较低。

Based on the simulation test on the top coal caving mining, the method to improve the top coal recovery rate was discussed and analyzed, a top coal pre -set symbol point method was provided to calculate the top coal recovery rate and a difference from the comparison on the top coal recovery rates calculated with the W eighing method and the symbol point method could be applied to calculate the top coal recovery rate.A top coal tracker was researched and development.The site meas ured method of the top coal recovery was improved.The top coal tracker was applied to the site measurement on the top coal recovery of the top coal caving mining fac e under six different conditions and the results showed that the researched and developed top coal migration tracker could make a site measurement of the top coal rec overy rate for the top coal caving mining face and could meet the site complicated conditions.The coal hardness and the crack development degree as well as the partin g in the top coal would be the main factors affected to the top coal recovery rate and relatively saying, the top coal seam thickness and seam inclination would have a le ss influence to the top coal recovery rate. The simulation test and the site observation both showed that the recovery rate at the middle and low part of the top coal woul d be higher and the coal recovery rate at the top part of the top coal would be lower.The coal recovery rate of the top coal bottom near the powered would also be lowe

国家自然科学基金资助项目(50974123)；“十一五”国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2009BAB48B02)；中央高校基本科研业务经费资助项目(2011YZ09)；