我国新疆准南煤田煤炭资源丰富，矿井水害严重制约着该区域煤炭安全高效生产。顶板导水裂隙是工作面回采产生的主要导水通道，进行巨厚煤层分层开采条件下顶板导水裂隙发育规律研究尤为关键。

以新疆硫磺沟煤矿(9-15)08工作面为研究区，通过地面探查孔、钻孔电窥视等方法，实测不同开采条件下覆岩“两带”发育特征，通过数值模拟，分析多煤层下行式开采导水裂隙带发育规律，分析巨厚煤层分层开采覆岩运移及破断特征，探究覆岩破断结构模式。

结果表明：巨厚煤层分层开采对导水裂隙带的发育有一定抑制作用，由于分层数量增加，覆岩破坏程度逐渐加剧，导致其力学性质降低且裂隙增多，表现出“软弱”层特性，进而抑制导水裂隙带向上发育。此外，巨厚煤层分层开采时覆岩破断结构总体上呈“宏观−大−小”结构，其中，在采动影响范围内，宏观上呈压力拱结构。而由于高、低位岩层岩体垮落和铰接作用，使得高位覆岩呈现高位梁式大结构，而低位岩体受分层叠加开采的影响，垮落带内岩体铰接点的连线整体宏观呈连续的“M”形，呈“M”形铰接小结构。研究结果可为巨厚煤层采场事故形成机制、灾害防控提供理论依据和指导。

The Zhunnan Coalfield, a coalfield on the southern margin of the Junggar Basin in Xinjiang, boasts abundant coal resources. However, water hazards in mines severely constrain the safe and efficient coal production in the coalfield. Since hydraulically conductive fractures in roofs serve as primary hydraulically conductive channels formed in the mining of the mining face, it is particularly crucial to investigate the developmental patterns of these fractures during the layered mining of extremely thick coal seams.

This study explored the (9-15)08 mining face of the Liuhuanggou Coal Mine in Xinjiang. Using ground exploration holes and borehole televiewers, this study examined the developmental characteristics of the caving zone and hydraulically conductive fracture zones in the overburden under different mining conditions. Through numerical simulations, this study delved into the developmental patterns of hydraulically conductive fracture zones in the descending mining of multiple coal seams, analyzed the migration and fracture characteristics of the overburden in the layered mining of extremely thick coal seams, and explored the patterns of the fracture structural of the overburden.

The results indicate that the layered mining of extremely thick coal seams somewhat inhibits the development of hydraulically conductive fracture zones. Due to the increase in the number of layers, the degree of overburden damage gradually intensifies, its mechanical properties decrease, and cracks increase. As a result, the overburden exhibits the characteristics of weak layers, thereby inhibiting the upward development of hydraulically conductive fracture zones. Under the layered mining of extremely thick coal seams, the fracture structure of the overburden generally presents a macro-large-small pattern. Macroscopically, the fracture structure displays a pressure arch structure within the mining influence range. Additionally, because of the caving and hinge of rock masses in high- and low-lying strata, the high-