针对大倾角煤层长壁开采覆岩变形、破坏和运移规律复杂,对工作面安全开采影响大等问题,采用现场实测、数值模拟和相似材料模拟,研究总结了大倾角煤层长壁开采直接顶、基本顶和高位岩层空间的变形、破坏和运移规律。结果表明:大倾角煤层走向长壁机械化开采过程中,沿倾斜方向采场顶板低位岩层与高位岩层均呈现出非对称力学特征,且破坏运移呈现出时序性和不均衡性。沿工作面倾斜方向中、上部区域内"三带"特征明显,且层位较高,而下部则顶板岩层没有明显的"三带"特征或"三带"形成的层位较低且不完整;多区段、多煤层开采时,上覆岩层影响程度远大于单一煤层,且具有一定冲击性。

According to the deformation,ailure and complicated migration law of the overburden strata above the longwall mining face in a high inclined seam affec ted to the safety mining of the coal mining face,the sitemeasurement,numerical simulation and similar material simulation were applied to study and summarize the defo rmation,failure and migration law of the immediate roof,main roof and high level strata space above the longwall coal mining face in the high inclined seam.The results s howed that during the mechanized strike longwall coal process in the high inclined seam,asymmetric mechanics features occurred between the low level rock and high I evel rock of the roof above the coal mining face along the inclined direction and the failure migration would be a time sequence and unbalance.Along the inclined directi on of the coal mining face,the three zones features in the top area were obvious and the level was high.And in the low area and the roof strata,there were no obvious th ree zones features or the level to form three zones was low and not completed.During the multi section and multi seam mining,the influence degree of the up strata wou Id be higher than single seam and would have certain mine pressure bumping.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(51074120)；国家自然科学青年科学基金资助项目(51204132)；教育部重点科学技术研究资助项目(地方03166)；西安科技大学培育基金资助项目(2010049)；