大倾角伪俯斜工作面安全高效开采的基础是对“支架－围岩”系统的稳定性控制，受工作面矸石非均匀充填及倾角影响，“支架－围岩” 系统稳定性控制困难。以某矿3132工作面为研究背景，采用物理相似模拟实验与理论分析相结合的方法，研究了大倾角煤层伪俯斜采场垮落矸石充填时空演化规律，及其影响下的“支架－围岩”系统相互作用关系，建立了支架力学模型，确定了工作面伪斜角和矸石作用力对支架临界阻力的影响。结果表明：伪俯斜采场矸石滑移充填经历初步充填下部区域→矸石倾向下滑→充填凹陷区域3个阶段；采空区充填体接顶区长度随煤层倾角、直接顶厚度和工作面长度的增大而增大，随伪俯斜角和采高的增大而减小，邻空区长度随煤层倾角、采高和工作面长度的增大而增大，随伪俯斜角和直接顶厚度的增大而减小，矸石的非对称堆积形态改变了顶板的受力条件与破断特征，支架受载呈现明显非对称性和区域性特征；伪俯斜采场垮落矸石对支架尾部频繁产生冲击作用和接触作用，防止支架下滑和转动失稳的临界阻力随着矸石作用力的增大而增大，随着工作面伪斜角的增大而减小，工作面中、下部区域的支架比上部区域支架需要更大的支撑阻力抵抗矸石的影响；工作面现场监测结果验证了理论模型的合理性。研究结果对现场工程实践具有一定的理论指导意义。

The basis of safe and efficient mining of pitching oblique mining area of steeply dipping seam is the stability control of “support-surrounding rock”[JP] system. Affected by the uneven filling of gangue and dip angle, the stability control of “support-surrounding rock” system is difficult. Taking No.3132 working face of a mine as the research background, using the method of physical similarity simulation experiment and theoretical analysis, the space-time evolution law of collapse gangue filling in pseudo downdip stope of large dip coal seam and the interaction relationship of “support-surrounding rock” system under the action are studied, and the support mechanical model is established, The effects of pseudo slope angle of working face and gangue force on the critical resistance of support are determined. The results show that the sliding filling of gangue in pitching oblique mining area goes through three stages: preliminary filling of lower area - gangue inclined sliding-filling of depression area; The length of roof connecting area of goaf filling body increases with the increase of coal seam inclination, direct roof thickness and working face length, and the length of free area increases with the increase of coal seam inclination, mining height and working face length. The asymmetric accumulation form of gangue changes the stress conditions and fracture characteristics of roof, and the load of support presents obvious asymmetric and regional characteristics; The collapse gangue in the pseudo downward inclined stope frequently has an impact and contact effect on the tail of the support. The critical resistance of the support increases with the increase of the gangue force and decreases with the increase of the pseudo inclined angle of the working face. The support in the middle and lower areas of the working face needs greater support resistance than the support in the upper area to resist the influence of the gangue. The field monitoring results of the working face verify the rationality of the theoretical model.

0 引言

1 工程概况

2 物理相似模拟实验

3 采空区矸石滑移充填特征

   3.1 矸石滑移充填时空演化规律

   3.2 矸石充填影响因素

4 伪斜方向支架稳定性分析

   4.1 支架力学模型构建

   4.2 支架稳定性分析

   4.3 支架临界阻力

5 工作面矿压监测

6 结论